人道主义行动与关系的价值:Chin Ruamps 的《人道主义退出困境》书评

IF 1.8 3区 哲学 Q2 ETHICS
Isabel Munoz Beaulieu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Chin Ruamps 的 "人道主义退出困境 "探讨了人道主义组织在危机环境下,特别是在武装冲突局势中退出项目时所面临的复杂伦理挑战。在人道主义援助可能会对受影响人群产生消极而非积极影响的情况下,人道主义退出困境就会出现,因为人道主义援助可能会卷入冲突局势。然而,该书摒弃了简单化的后果论,将重点放在最大限度地减少伤害上,而提出了一个令人耳目一新的以价值观为重点的视角。该书以价值观为重点的观点强调了特殊关系、明显的依赖性和合理期望的重要性,将其作为决策过程中的基本考虑因素,决定人道主义组织是应该继续参与还是退出冲突环境。此外,该书还提出了各组织可以采用的新的人道主义原则,包括脆弱性原则、因果关系原则、适当性原则、信任原则和罪责原则。人道主义工作者、政策制定者以及(生物)伦理学家将从现实世界的政策中找到令人信服的见解,了解在为弱势人群进行艰难权衡时,如何将基于价值的考虑因素纳入其中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Humanitarian Action and the Value of Relationships: A Book Review of Chin Ruamps’ The Humanitarian Exit Dilemma

“The Humanitarian Exit Dilemma” by Chin Ruamps explores the complex ethical challenges faced by humanitarian organizations when exiting projects in crisis settings, particularly armed conflict situations. The humanitarian exit dilemma arises in contexts where humanitarian assistance may generate an overall negative, rather than positive impact on affected populations due to potential entanglement in conflict situations. Yet, the book rejects a simplistic consequentialist account that focuses on maximizing harm-reduction and proposes a refreshing values-focused perspective. The book’s values-focused perspective emphasizes the importance of special relationships, distinct dependence, and reasonable expectations as essential considerations in the decision-making process on whether humanitarian organizations should stay and remain engaged or exit the conflict setting. In addition, the book proposes new humanitarian principles organizations could adopt, including the principles of vulnerability, causality, appropriateness, trust, and culpability. Humanitarian practitioners and policymakers, as well as (bio)ethicists, will find compelling insights of real-world policy on how value-based considerations can be incorporated when dealing with difficult trade-offs for vulnerable populations.

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来源期刊
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 医学-医学:伦理
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.30%
发文量
67
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The JBI welcomes both reports of empirical research and articles that increase theoretical understanding of medicine and health care, the health professions and the biological sciences. The JBI is also open to critical reflections on medicine and conventional bioethics, the nature of health, illness and disability, the sources of ethics, the nature of ethical communities, and possible implications of new developments in science and technology for social and cultural life and human identity. We welcome contributions from perspectives that are less commonly published in existing journals in the field and reports of empirical research studies using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The JBI accepts contributions from authors working in or across disciplines including – but not limited to – the following: -philosophy- bioethics- economics- social theory- law- public health and epidemiology- anthropology- psychology- feminism- gay and lesbian studies- linguistics and discourse analysis- cultural studies- disability studies- history- literature and literary studies- environmental sciences- theology and religious studies
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