根据产品特性对商品价格波动脱敏

IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics
Keiji Sakakibara, Daniel M. Packwood
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们对商品价格波动如何传导至产品价格知之甚少。在本文中,我们提出了一个与商品竞争的产品价格动态模型。商品价格被视为一个随机过程。商品价格波动通过需求函数传导至产品价格,而需求函数是通过汇总消费者群体的选择而得到的。重要的是,这些消费者是根据效用函数做出选择的,而效用函数中包含一个与产品特性相关的项。数值模拟显示,改进产品特性往往会抑制商品价格波动的传播。我们将模型应用于单层铂(一种产品)与金属铂(一种商品)作为催化剂材料与消费者竞争的现实案例中。虽然单层铂在氧气还原的催化转化率方面仅有微小的改善,但由此带来的产品特性改善足以有效消除产品价格波动,至少在这里考虑的消费者群体制度中是如此。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Desensitization to commodity price fluctuations by product characteristics

Desensitization to commodity price fluctuations by product characteristics
Little is known about how commodity price fluctuations transmit to the prices of products. In this paper we present a price dynamics model for a product which is in competition with a commodity. The price of the commodity is treated as a stochastic process. Commodity price fluctuations are transmitted to the product price through a demand function which is obtained by aggregating the choices of a consumer population. Importantly, these consumers make their choices on the basis of a utility function which includes a term relating to product characteristics. Numerical simulations show that improved product characteristics tend to suppress the transmission of commodity price fluctuations. We apply our model to a realistic case of monolayer platinum (a product) in competition with platinum metal (a commodity) for adoption by consumers as a catalyst material. While monolayer platinum shows only a minor improvement in catalytic turnover rates for oxygen reduction, the resulting product characteristic improvement is sufficient to effectively eliminate product price fluctuations, at least for the consumer population regime considered here.
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来源期刊
Physical review. E
Physical review. E 物理-物理:流体与等离子体
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
16.70%
发文量
0
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: Physical Review E (PRE), broad and interdisciplinary in scope, focuses on collective phenomena of many-body systems, with statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics as the central themes of the journal. Physical Review E publishes recent developments in biological and soft matter physics including granular materials, colloids, complex fluids, liquid crystals, and polymers. The journal covers fluid dynamics and plasma physics and includes sections on computational and interdisciplinary physics, for example, complex networks.
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