带有量子平面转子的奥托循环

IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics
Michael Gaida, Stefan Nimmrichter
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们介绍了两个以量子平面转子为工作介质、通过外部场控制的奥托循环的实现。通过比较工作介质的量子描述和经典描述,我们找出了与奥托循环的性能、发动机和冰箱模式有关的真正量子效应。第一个例子是受控电场作用的旋转偶极子,相当于量子摆。在这里,我们发现量子转子与经典转子相比存在系统性劣势。与此相反,在一个产生磁矩的带电转子受控磁场的作用下,我们可以观察到真正的量子优势。我们证明,无论选择何种参数,经典转子都无法用作工作介质,而量子转子则支持发动机和制冷模式,在循环的冷冲程中利用量子统计量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Otto cycles with a quantum planar rotor

Otto cycles with a quantum planar rotor
We present two realizations of an Otto cycle with a quantum planar rotor as the working medium controlled by means of external fields. By comparing the quantum and the classical description of the working medium, we single out genuine quantum effects with regard to the performance and the engine and refrigerator modes of the Otto cycle. The first example is a rotating electric dipole subjected to a controlled electric field, equivalent to a quantum pendulum. Here we find a systematic disadvantage of the quantum rotor compared to its classical counterpart. In contrast, a genuine quantum advantage can be observed with a charged rotor generating a magnetic moment that is subjected to a controlled magnetic field. We prove that the classical rotor is inoperable as a working medium for any choice of parameters, whereas the quantum rotor supports an engine and a refrigerator mode, exploiting the quantum statistics during the cold strokes of the cycle.
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来源期刊
Physical review. E
Physical review. E 物理-物理:流体与等离子体
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
16.70%
发文量
0
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: Physical Review E (PRE), broad and interdisciplinary in scope, focuses on collective phenomena of many-body systems, with statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics as the central themes of the journal. Physical Review E publishes recent developments in biological and soft matter physics including granular materials, colloids, complex fluids, liquid crystals, and polymers. The journal covers fluid dynamics and plasma physics and includes sections on computational and interdisciplinary physics, for example, complex networks.
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