SCALLER：基于标准单元组装和局部布局效应的环形振荡器

IF 1.7 4区计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE

IEEE Embedded Systems Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1109/LES.2024.3459730

Muayad J. Aljafar;Zain Ul Abideen;Adriaan Peetermans;Benedikt Gierlichs;Samuel Pagliarini

{"title":"SCALLER：基于标准单元组装和局部布局效应的环形振荡器","authors":"Muayad J. Aljafar;Zain Ul Abideen;Adriaan Peetermans;Benedikt Gierlichs;Samuel Pagliarini","doi":"10.1109/LES.2024.3459730","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a technique that enables very fine tunability of the frequency of ring oscillators (ROs). Multiple ROs with different numbers of tunable elements were designed and fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. A tunable element consists of two inverters under different local layout effects (LLEs) and a multiplexer. LLEs impact the transient response of inverters deterministically and allow to establish a fine tunable mechanism even in the presence of large process variation. The entire RO is digital and its layout is standard-cell compatible. We demonstrate the tunability of multistage ROs with post-silicon measurements of oscillation frequencies in the range of 80–900 MHz and tuning steps of 90 kHz.","PeriodicalId":56143,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","volume":"16 4","pages":"493-496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"SCALLER: Standard Cell Assembled and Local Layout Effect-Based Ring Oscillators\",\"authors\":\"Muayad J. Aljafar;Zain Ul Abideen;Adriaan Peetermans;Benedikt Gierlichs;Samuel Pagliarini\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/LES.2024.3459730\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This letter presents a technique that enables very fine tunability of the frequency of ring oscillators (ROs). Multiple ROs with different numbers of tunable elements were designed and fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. A tunable element consists of two inverters under different local layout effects (LLEs) and a multiplexer. LLEs impact the transient response of inverters deterministically and allow to establish a fine tunable mechanism even in the presence of large process variation. The entire RO is digital and its layout is standard-cell compatible. We demonstrate the tunability of multistage ROs with post-silicon measurements of oscillation frequencies in the range of 80–900 MHz and tuning steps of 90 kHz.\",\"PeriodicalId\":56143,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters\",\"volume\":\"16 4\",\"pages\":\"493-496\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"94\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10679192/\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"计算机科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10679192/","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

摘要

这封信提出了一种技术，使非常精细的可调频率的环形振荡器（ROs）。采用65纳米CMOS工艺设计并制备了具有不同可调元件数量的多个ROs。可调谐元件由两个具有不同局部布局效果的逆变器和一个多路复用器组成。LLEs对逆变器的瞬态响应具有决定性的影响，即使在存在较大过程变化的情况下，也可以建立良好的可调机制。整个RO是数字的，其布局与标准单元兼容。我们通过在80-900 MHz范围内的振荡频率和90 kHz的调谐步长进行硅后测量，证明了多级ROs的可调性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

SCALLER: Standard Cell Assembled and Local Layout Effect-Based Ring Oscillators

This letter presents a technique that enables very fine tunability of the frequency of ring oscillators (ROs). Multiple ROs with different numbers of tunable elements were designed and fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. A tunable element consists of two inverters under different local layout effects (LLEs) and a multiplexer. LLEs impact the transient response of inverters deterministically and allow to establish a fine tunable mechanism even in the presence of large process variation. The entire RO is digital and its layout is standard-cell compatible. We demonstrate the tunability of multistage ROs with post-silicon measurements of oscillation frequencies in the range of 80–900 MHz and tuning steps of 90 kHz.

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊

IEEE Embedded Systems Letters Engineering-Control and Systems Engineering

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The IEEE Embedded Systems Letters (ESL), provides a forum for rapid dissemination of latest technical advances in embedded systems and related areas in embedded software. The emphasis is on models, methods, and tools that ensure secure, correct, efficient and robust design of embedded systems and their applications.