支持性关系在减轻青少年受欺凌和心理压力方面的保护作用

IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES
Karyn L. Healy, James G. Scott, Hannah J. Thomas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

据推测,支持性的人际关系一般能防止心理困扰,并能减少逆境对困扰的影响。对许多青少年来说,遭受同伴欺凌是一种突出的不利经历。遭受欺凌会增加心理困扰的风险,而心理困扰又会增加进一步遭受欺凌的风险。关于支持性关系是否以及如何保护青少年免受欺凌伤害、心理困扰以及伤害与困扰之间的递归关系,以往的研究极少。本研究调查了与父母、同伴和老师的支持性关系对青少年日后心理困扰和欺凌受害的直接和调节作用。这项纵向研究涉及 1425 名年龄在 12-18 岁的澳大利亚青少年(大部分为男性,占 74.3%),他们在相隔 6 个月的两个时间点进行了有关欺凌受害、心理困扰和支持性关系的问卷调查。所有类型的支持性人际关系都降低了因早期心理困扰而导致的后期心理困扰的风险,这表明存在直接补偿效应。来自同学和父母的支持也保护了青少年免受持续的欺凌伤害,并减轻了欺凌伤害对日后心理困扰的影响,这与压力缓冲假说是一致的。这些结果证实了支持性关系在保护青少年免受心理困扰和欺凌伤害方面所起的重要作用。对于受到父母和同学支持的受害青少年来说,持续遭受欺凌和日后出现心理困扰的可能性较小。改善家长支持的策略和计划可能会提高预防欺凌计划的有效性,并改善受害者的结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The Protective Role of Supportive Relationships in Mitigating Bullying Victimization and Psychological Distress in Adolescents

The Protective Role of Supportive Relationships in Mitigating Bullying Victimization and Psychological Distress in Adolescents

Supportive relationships have been hypothesized to protect against psychological distress in general and to reduce the impacts of adversity on distress. Bullying victimization by peers is a salient adverse experience for many adolescents. Being bullied increases the risk of psychological distress which in turn increases the risk of further bullying victimization. There is minimal previous research on whether and how supportive relationships protect adolescents from bullying victimization, psychological distress and the recursive relationships between victimization and distress. This study investigated the direct and moderating effects of supportive relationships with parents, peers, and teachers on later psychological distress and bullying victimization of adolescents. This longitudinal study involved 1425 Australian adolescents aged 12–18 years (mostly male, 74.3%), using questionnaires on bullying victimization, psychological distress, and supportive relationships at two-time points, 6 months apart. All types of supportive relationships reduced the risk of later psychological distress predicted from earlier psychological distress, suggesting a direct compensatory effect. Support from classmates and parents also protected adolescents against ongoing bullying victimization and mitigated the impact of bullying victimization on later psychological distress, consistent with a stress-buffering hypothesis. The pattern of results confirms the important role that supportive relationships play in protecting adolescents from psychological distress and bullying victimization. Persistent bullying victimization and later psychological distress are less likely to occur for victimized adolescents supported by parents and classmates. Strategies and programs that improve parental support may enhance the effectiveness of programs to prevent bullying and improve outcomes for victims.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
4.80%
发文量
300
期刊介绍: Journal of Child and Family Studies (JCFS) international, peer-reviewed forum for topical issues pertaining to the behavioral health and well-being of children, adolescents, and their families. Interdisciplinary and ecological in approach, the journal focuses on individual, family, and community contexts that influence child, youth, and family well-being and translates research results into practical applications for providers, program implementers, and policymakers. Original papers address applied and translational research, program evaluation, service delivery, and policy matters that affect child, youth, and family well-being. Topic areas include but are not limited to: enhancing child, youth/young adult, parent, caregiver, and/or family functioning; prevention and intervention related to social, emotional, or behavioral functioning in children, youth, and families; cumulative effects of risk and protective factors on behavioral health, development, and well-being; the effects both of exposure to adverse childhood events and assets/protective factors; child abuse and neglect, housing instability and homelessness, and related ecological factors influencing child and family outcomes.
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