Lactoferrin Application for the Prevention and Restoration of Bone Tissue Alterations during Hindlimb Unloading in Rats

Abstract

The effect of gravitational unloading (antiorthostatic hindlimb suspension) and subsequent recovery on the mineral density and mechanical properties of the femoral and tibial bones in Wistar rats was studied during oral administration of a human lactoferrin (LF) biotechnological analog (200 mg/kg) derived from the milk of producer goats. Bone mineral density was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, while bone strength and stiffness were assessed via the three-point bending test. It was shown that 21-day gravitational unloading led to a decrease in the mineral density of the tibia and femur. Oral LF administration had no significant effect on the mineral density and projected area of the bones. There were no statistically significant differences in mechanical stiffness between the experimental groups, although after readaptation, the ultimate strength was significantly higher in LF-administered groups. Thus, the results may indicate the potential of LF preparations as prophylactic agents for maintaining bone strength. At the same time, the maintaining of bone mineral density under deficit-stimulating conditions requires a consideration of alternative dosages and drug delivery methods.