利用单孔大型宇宙研究望远镜空间观测站进行太阳系科学研究

IF 1.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE
Carrie M. Anderson, Nicolas Biver, Gordon L. Bjoraker, Thibault Cavalié, Gordon Chin, Michael A. DiSanti, Paul Hartogh, Nathan X. Roth, Alexander Tielens, Christopher K. Walker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

用于宇宙研究的单孔大型望远镜(SALTUS)是美国国家航空航天局天体物理学探测器(APEX)级任务概念,采用了一个坚固耐用的远红外尖头空间观测站。SALTUS 包括一个 14 米长的可充气反射器,其灵敏度和角度分辨率分别是赫歇尔的 16 倍和 4 倍,并配有一个可将主探测器辐射冷却到 45 K 的遮阳板,以及多个低温探测器,这些探测器的光谱分辨率从高到中等,共同覆盖了 34 到 660 μm 的远红外光谱范围。SALTUS 外差接收器的高灵敏度和高光谱分辨率使其能够对包括水及其同素异形体、氘化氢(HD)和大量含碳、氢、氮、氧、磷或硫(CHNOPS)的分子物质在内的痕量化合物进行亚毫米波和远红外观测,所有这些物质都被地球大气层所遮挡。SALTUS 远红外光栅光谱仪的高灵敏度和宽带光谱覆盖范围使其能够对太阳系各种目标中包含的冰和矿物颗粒的晶格振动光谱特征进行远红外观测,这些目标包括彗星、行星大气层、恩克拉多斯羽流附近以及冰卫星、木星三叉星、半人马和柯伊伯带天体表面。SALTUS 的一个关键目标是测量木星家族和奥尔特云彗星的 HDO/H2O。其他观测将使我们能够确定土星周围由其冰质卫星恩克拉多斯(Enceladus)产生的水环的特征,确定巨行星平流层水的来源,确定金星上水的时间演变,并在木卫二、木卫三和卡利斯托(Callisto)上寻找水羽。SALTUS 将测量所有四颗巨行星的 HD/H2,以制约其起源模型。SALTUS 还可以测量金星大气和彗星彗尾中含有 CHNOPS 的分子和卤化物的丰度。我们回顾了SALTUS在 "保证时间观测 "和 "客座观测员APEX任务 "观测计划中可以实现的大量太阳系科学研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Solar system science with the Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies space observatory
Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies (SALTUS) is a NASA Astrophysics Probe Explorer (APEX)-class mission concept employing a robust far-infrared pointed space observatory. SALTUS comprises a 14-m inflatable reflector that provides 16× the sensitivity and 4× the angular resolution of Herschel, with a sunshield that radiatively cools the primary to 45 K, along with cryogenic detectors that collectively span the 34 to 660 μm far-infrared spectral range at high and moderate spectral resolutions. The high sensitivity and high spectral resolving power of the SALTUS heterodyne receivers enable both submillimeter and far-infrared observations of trace compounds comprising water and its isotopologues, hydrogen deuteride (HD), and a plethora of molecular species containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, or sulfur (CHNOPS), all of which are obscured by the Earth’s atmosphere. The high sensitivity and broadband spectral coverage of the SALTUS far-infrared grating spectrometer enables far-infrared observations of the lattice vibrational spectral signatures of ices and mineral grains contained within a wide variety of solar system targets, including comets, planetary atmospheres, near Enceladus’ plumes, and on the surfaces of icy moons, Jupiter trojans, centaurs, and Kuiper Belt objects. A key objective of SALTUS is to measure HDO/H2O in both Jupiter family and Oort cloud comets. Additional observations will allow us to characterize the water torus around Saturn generated by its icy moon Enceladus, determine the source of stratospheric water in the giant planets, ascertain the time evolution of water on Venus, and search for H2O plumes on Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. SALTUS will measure HD/H2 in all four giant planets to constrain models of their origin. SALTUS can also measure the abundance of CHNOPS-containing molecules and halides in the atmosphere of Venus and in the comae of comets. We review the extensive amount of solar system science achievable with SALTUS for both the Guaranteed Time Observation and the Guest Observer APEX mission observing programs.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
13.00%
发文量
119
期刊介绍: The Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems publishes peer-reviewed papers reporting on original research in the development, testing, and application of telescopes, instrumentation, techniques, and systems for ground- and space-based astronomy.
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