城市化闪光紫菀的回放诱发的异种攻击性反应与接管风险假说有关

IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Luciana Tellería, Álvaro Garitano-Zavala
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引用次数: 0

摘要

蜂鸟在新热带地区的自然栖息地和人为改变的栖息地中具有重要的生态意义。蜂鸟独特的生物特性意味着微妙的能量平衡,这种平衡推动了物种特有的优势和领地行为策略的进化,进而塑造了食蜜群落的多样性和组成。了解这些因素有助于改进保护策略,这对城市中的侵蚀群落尤为重要。我们的目的是评估一种领地蜂鸟--闪闪紫雀(Colibri coruscans)--是否能够根据入侵其觅食领地的物种身份来调节其攻击行为,在旱季(花蜜资源相对枯竭)和雨季之间进行比较,并分析决定这种反应的可能生态因素。考虑到能量效率的最大化,我们假设火棘蚜的领地攻击性反应会随着入侵物种的领地性和行为优势而变化,并且旱季的攻击性反应会比雨季更大。我们通过回放组成城市食蜜鸟类群落的四种鸟类的领地歌曲(包括它们自己物种的歌曲)来激发攻击性行为反应,描述了攻击强度不同的八种行为。我们通过两种方式对攻击性反应进行量化:一是观察领地火烈鸟做出每种行为的观察事件的数量,二是为每个观察事件中的每个领地个体构建一个 "攻击性得分"。领地攻击性反应与入侵物种的身份有显著差异,但只观察到季节效应,即在旱季对异种回放的攻击性反应更强。我们分析了几种可以解释物种攻击性反应的假说,得出的结论是,通过翅膀形态和机动性提出的 "接管风险 "假说最能解释攻击性反应的调节与入侵物种的领地性和行为优势的关系。如果我们能阐明能促进从属物种与优势物种共存的生态条件,那么这些结果对城市规划很有帮助。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Playback-elicited heterospecific aggressive responses in urbanized Sparkling Violetear are modulated in relation the risk of take-over hypothesis
Hummingbirds have crucial ecological importance in natural and human-altered habitats in the Neotropics. Their unique biological characteristics imply a delicate energetic balance that drove the evolution of species-specific dominance and territorial behavior tactics that, in turn, shape the diversity and composition of nectarivorous communities. Understanding these factors could help improve conservation strategies, particularly important for eroding communities in cities. Our objective is to evaluate whether a species of territorial hummingbird, the Sparkling Violetear (Colibri coruscans), is able to modulate its aggressive behavior in relation to the identity of the species that invades its feeding territory, comparing between dry (relative depletion of nectar resources) and wet seasons, and analyzing the possible ecological factors that determine this response. Considering the maximization of energy efficiency, we hypothesize that the territorial aggressive responses of Sparkling Violetears will vary in relation to the territoriality and behavioral dominance of each intruder species, and that aggressive responses in the dry season will be greater compared to the wet season. We elicited aggressive behavioral responses with territorial songs playbacks from the four species that compose the urban nectarivorous bird community, including songs from their own species, characterizing eight behaviors that varied in aggressive intensity. We quantified the aggressive response in two ways: the number of observation events in which territorial Sparkling Violetears performed each behavior and by constructing an “aggressiveness score” for each territorial individual in each observation event. Territorial aggressive response varied significantly in relation to the identity of the intruding species, but the seasonal effect was only observed, as a more aggressive response in the dry season, towards heterospecific playbacks. We analyzed several hypotheses that could explain the species-specific aggressive response, concluding that the “risk to take-over” hypothesis, through wing morphology and maneuverability, best explains the modulation of the aggressive response in relation to the territoriality and behavioral dominance of each intruder species. These results are useful for urban planning if we elucidate the ecological conditions that could promote the coexistence of subordinate species with dominant ones.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Environmental Science-Ecology
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
6.70%
发文量
1143
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research across fundamental and applied sciences, to provide ecological and evolutionary insights into our natural and anthropogenic world, and how it should best be managed. Field Chief Editor Mark A. Elgar at the University of Melbourne is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics and the public worldwide. Eminent biologist and theist Theodosius Dobzhansky’s astute observation that “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution” has arguably even broader relevance now than when it was first penned in The American Biology Teacher in 1973. One could similarly argue that not much in evolution makes sense without recourse to ecological concepts: understanding diversity — from microbial adaptations to species assemblages — requires insights from both ecological and evolutionary disciplines. Nowadays, technological developments from other fields allow us to address unprecedented ecological and evolutionary questions of astonishing detail, impressive breadth and compelling inference. The specialty sections of Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution will publish, under a single platform, contemporary, rigorous research, reviews, opinions, and commentaries that cover the spectrum of ecological and evolutionary inquiry, both fundamental and applied. Articles are peer-reviewed according to the Frontiers review guidelines, which evaluate manuscripts on objective editorial criteria. Through this unique, Frontiers platform for open-access publishing and research networking, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution aims to provide colleagues and the broader community with ecological and evolutionary insights into our natural and anthropogenic world, and how it might best be managed.
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