澳大利亚的脊椎动物食腐现象是由生物区域、季节和栖息地因素的复杂相互作用形成的

IF 1.9 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
E. E. Spencer, C. R. Dickman, A. Greenville, P. Barton, E. G. Ritchie, T. M. Newsome
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引用次数: 0

摘要

脊椎动物的尸体清扫是一种重要的生态系统服务,受季节和栖息地等环境因素的影响。然而,人们对这些因素在不同生物区清扫模式中的作用了解有限。我们在澳大利亚三个不同的沙漠、亚高山和温带生物区,使用照相机陷阱监测了120只袋鼠(科:Macropodidae)尸体上的脊椎动物食腐动物,这些食腐动物分布在不同的季节(温暖/寒冷)和栖息地(开放/封闭树冠)。我们的调查确定了 27 种食腐物种,发现这三个生物区的食腐模式存在明显差异。在沙漠生物区,野猫、捕食鸟类、鸦科动物和红狐的尸体利用率最高;在温带生物区,爬行动物和野狗的尸体利用率最高;在亚高山生物区,野猪、负鼠和野狗的尸体利用率最高。食腐动物群落组成的生物区域差异对食腐动物群落差异的解释是季节差异的4.6倍,是栖息地差异的9.8倍。此外,栖息地对食腐动物群落或尸体的发现和利用几乎没有影响,而季节则是这些反应的有力预测因素。在不同的生物区域,清道夫的使用有一些普遍的季节和栖息地趋势,哺乳动物和鸟类通常在凉爽的季节更频繁地使用尸体,鸟类在开阔的栖息地发现尸体的速度更快。然而,生物区内也存在广泛的季节性差异。例如,根据生物区系的不同,一些动物(如鸟类和爬行动物)在温暖的季节更频繁地清理尸体或更快地发现尸体。我们的研究结果表明,脊椎动物的食腐行为受到环境变量(尤其是季节性)的复杂影响,而这些环境变量在不同的生物区可能会有不同的作用方式。这些发现对理解脊椎动物食腐模式的变化以及功能冗余或互补的食腐过程具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Vertebrate scavenging in Australia is shaped by a complex interplay of bioregional, seasonal and habitat factors

Vertebrate scavenging in Australia is shaped by a complex interplay of bioregional, seasonal and habitat factors

Carcass scavenging by vertebrates is a critical ecosystem service that is influenced by environmental factors such as season and habitat. However, there is limited understanding of the role that these factors play in shaping scavenging patterns across different bioregions. We used camera traps to monitor vertebrate scavengers at 120 kangaroo (Family: Macropodidae) carcasses that were positioned across different seasons (warm/cool) and habitats (open/closed canopy) in three disparate desert, subalpine and temperate bioregions in Australia. Our survey identified 27 species that scavenged carcasses and revealed clear differences in scavenging patterns across the three bioregions. Carcass use was highest for feral cats, birds of prey, corvids and red foxes in the desert bioregion; for reptiles and dingoes in the temperate bioregion and for feral pigs, possums and dingoes in the subalpine bioregion. Bioregional differences in scavenger guild composition explained >4.6 times more variation in scavenger guild dissimilarity than season and >9.8 times more variation than habitat. Further, habitat had few effects on scavenger communities or carcass detection and use, whereas season was a strong predictor of these responses. Across bioregions, there were some general seasonal and habitat scavenging trends, with mammals and birds often using carcasses more frequently in cooler seasons and birds detecting carcasses faster in open habitat. However, there was also extensive within-bioregion seasonal variation. For example, depending on bioregion, some animals scavenged more frequently or detected carcasses faster in warmer seasons (i.e. birds and reptiles). Our results show that vertebrate scavenging is mediated by a complex interplay of environmental variables, especially seasonality, which may operate differently across bioregions. These findings have implications for understanding variability in vertebrate scavenging patterns and, in turn, functionally redundant or complementary scavenging processes.

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来源期刊
Journal of Zoology
Journal of Zoology 生物-动物学
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
90
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Zoology publishes high-quality research papers that are original and are of broad interest. The Editors seek studies that are hypothesis-driven and interdisciplinary in nature. Papers on animal behaviour, ecology, physiology, anatomy, developmental biology, evolution, systematics, genetics and genomics will be considered; research that explores the interface between these disciplines is strongly encouraged. Studies dealing with geographically and/or taxonomically restricted topics should test general hypotheses, describe novel findings or have broad implications. The Journal of Zoology aims to maintain an effective but fair peer-review process that recognises research quality as a combination of the relevance, approach and execution of a research study.
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