解释集体误报:牛津街人群逃离事件中的情境与认知

IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Dermot Barr, John Drury, Linda Bell, Nils Devynck, Çağla Gayretli, Simran Lalli, Harry Linfield
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引用次数: 0

摘要

集体误报会造成严重破坏、昂贵的应急响应和痛苦。然而,人们对这些事件缺乏充分的心理解释。我们采访了 39 名参与者,并分析了 2017 年英国牛津街误报事件的多个二手数据源,从而对这一现象做出了新的解释。有证据表明,对近期与自身相关的集体恐怖袭击的认识降低了将模糊信号解释为敌对威胁迹象的阈值。受访者从他人的恐惧和逃跑反应中推断出威胁后,也会逃跑或躲藏起来。合作行为是零星的,与出现在有限地点的群体意识有关。分析表明,与新闻媒体描述的不受控制的 "大规模恐慌 "形象相比,虚假警报中的人群行为与真实紧急情况下典型的有意义行为有更多共同之处。这些发现对制定公众防范恐怖袭击的政策具有一定的启示意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Explaining a collective false alarm: Context and cognition in the Oxford Street crowd flight incident
Collective false alarms can cause significant disruption, costly emergency response, and distress. Yet an adequate psychological explanation for these incidents is lacking. We interviewed 39 participants and analysed multiple secondary data sources from the 2017 false alarm in Oxford Street, UK, to develop a new explanation of this phenomenon. There was evidence that awareness of recent collectively self‐relevant terrorist attacks lowered the threshold for interpreting ambiguous signals as signs of hostile threat. Interviewees also fled and hid after inferring threats from others’ fear and flight responses. Cooperative behaviour was sporadic and was associated with an emergent sense of groupness that occurred in limited locations. The analysis suggests that crowd behaviour in false alarms has more in common with the meaningful behaviour typically found in real emergencies than with the image of uncontrolled ‘mass panic’ portrayed in news media. These findings have implications for policy in preparing the public for terrorist attacks.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: Topics covered include, among others, intergroup relations, group processes, social cognition, attitudes, social influence and persuasion, self and identity, verbal and nonverbal communication, language and thought, affect and emotion, embodied and situated cognition and individual differences of social-psychological relevance. Together with original research articles, the European Journal of Social Psychology"s innovative and inclusive style is reflected in the variety of articles published: Research Article: Original articles that provide a significant contribution to the understanding of social phenomena, up to a maximum of 12,000 words in length.
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