从海洋来源中提取和纯化生物聚合物,考虑将其用于生物技术应用

IF 2.6 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Duarte Nuno Carvalho, Cristiana Gonçalves, Rita O. Sousa, Rui L. Reis, J. Miguel Oliveira, Tiago H. Silva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物聚合物是一类用途广泛、种类繁多的材料,由于其在化妆品、医疗材料/器械和食品添加剂等多个经济领域的潜在应用而备受关注。在过去几年中,人们对这些化合物进行了更广泛的探索,海洋生物已被证明是这些应用领域中哺乳动物来源的最佳替代品,并受益于其生物特性,如低抗原性、生物相容性和生物可降解性等。此外,为确保海洋自然资源的可持续开发,并应对 3R 政策的挑战,目前有必要对食品加工过程中产生的残留物和副产品进行估值,以惠及经济和环境利益。为了获得各种多糖、蛋白质和糖胺聚糖以满足对这些产品日益增长的需求,许多提取方法都受到了极大的关注。本综述重点介绍可从海洋生物资源中提取的多糖,如从海藻中提取的琼脂/琼脂糖、海藻酸和硫酸化多糖,从甲壳类动物中提取的甲壳素/壳聚糖,从鱼类中提取的胶原蛋白和一些糖胺聚糖,如硫酸软骨素和透明质酸。该书以简明易懂的方式概述了用于获取所述海洋生物聚合物的最成熟的提取和纯化方法、其化学结构,以及验证提取材料和各自特征所需的表征工具。作为补充材料,还提供了一份实用指南,其中包括分步分离方案,以及每次提取所需的各种材料、试剂和设备。最后,尽管过去做出了种种努力,但我们仍然需要改进当前的提取和纯化程序,以实现更高效、更绿色的方法,提高产量,减少耗时,降低批次间的可变性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Extraction and Purification of Biopolymers from Marine Origin Sources Envisaging Their Use for Biotechnological Applications

Extraction and Purification of Biopolymers from Marine Origin Sources Envisaging Their Use for Biotechnological Applications

Biopolymers are a versatile and diverse class of materials that has won high interest due to their potential application in several sectors of the economy, such as cosmetics, medical materials/devices, and food additives. In the last years, the search for these compounds has explored a wider range of marine organisms that have proven to be a great alternative to mammal sources for these applications and benefit from their biological properties, such as low antigenicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, among others. Furthermore, to ensure the sustainable exploitation of natural marine resources and address the challenges of 3R’s policies, there is a current necessity to valorize the residues and by-products obtained from food processing to benefit both economic and environmental interests. Many extraction methodologies have received significant attention for the obtention of diverse polysaccharides, proteins, and glycosaminoglycans to accomplish the increasing demands for these products. The present review gives emphasis to the ones that can be obtained from marine biological resources, as agar/agarose, alginate and sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds, chitin/chitosan from crustaceans from crustaceans, collagen, and some glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acids from fish. It is offered, in a summarized and easy-to-interpret arrangement, the most well-established extraction and purification methodologies used for obtaining the referred marine biopolymers, their chemical structure, as well as the characterization tools that are required to validate the extracted material and respective features. As supplementary material, a practical guide with the step-by-step isolation protocol, together with the various materials, reagents, and equipment, needed for each extraction is also delivered is also delivered. Finally, some remarks are made on the needs still observed, despite all the past efforts, to improve the current extraction and purification procedures to achieve more efficient and green methodologies with higher yields, less time-consuming, and decreased batch-to-batch variability.

Graphical Abstract

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来源期刊
Marine Biotechnology
Marine Biotechnology 工程技术-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.30%
发文量
95
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Marine Biotechnology welcomes high-quality research papers presenting novel data on the biotechnology of aquatic organisms. The journal publishes high quality papers in the areas of molecular biology, genomics, proteomics, cell biology, and biochemistry, and particularly encourages submissions of papers related to genome biology such as linkage mapping, large-scale gene discoveries, QTL analysis, physical mapping, and comparative and functional genome analysis. Papers on technological development and marine natural products should demonstrate innovation and novel applications.
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