Marcos Ribeiro da Costa Gaspar, Angelo Antonio Agostinho, Paula Araújo Catelani, Rodrigo Fernandes, Ana Clara Sampaio Franco, José Luis Costa Novaes, Danielle Peretti, Ana Cristina Petry, Fernando Mayer Pelicice
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引用次数: 0
摘要
现代生物入侵是人类世的一个重要方面,但人们对物种的入侵潜力仍然知之甚少。在此背景下,本研究比较了Cichla kelberi(一种强大的入侵者)的本地种群和非本地种群的生态特征,以研究该鱼类表现出的表型和行为变异可能赋予其对不同条件的适应性这一假说。我们从新热带地区不同水塘的种群中收集了有关种群结构、营养生态学和繁殖的数据。我们发现种群结构存在差异,本地种群的平均体型较大,幼体比例较低。所有种群都有食鱼行为,但一些非本地种群的空腹率较高,食物种类较少,并有食用非鱼类资源和食人的现象。非本地种群还表现出繁殖期延长和早熟。一般来说,差异并不局限于本地与非本地的对比,因为引进种群之间也存在相当大的差异。研究结果证实,C. kelberi存在表型和行为变异,这必然会影响其入侵潜力,使其能够适应特定地区和环境中的新条件。这些方面使 C. kelberi 几乎肯定会入侵位于世界热带生态系统中的人工蓄水池。
Phenotypic and behavioral variation as a mechanism behind the invasive potential of a predatory neotropical fish
Modern biological invasions represent a major facet of the Anthropocene, yet the invasive potential of species remains poorly understood. In this context, this study compared ecological traits of native and non-native populations of Cichla kelberi, a powerful invader, to investigate the hypothesis that this fish exhibits phenotypic and behavioral variations, which may confer adaptability to different conditions. Data on population structure, trophic ecology, and reproduction were collected from populations in different Neotropical impoundments. We found differences in population structure, with larger mean sizes and a lower proportion of juveniles in the native population. All populations exhibited piscivore behavior, but a higher incidence of empty stomachs and a less diverse diet characterized some non-native populations, with the consumption of non-fish resources and cannibalism. Non-native populations also showed prolonged reproduction and early maturity. In general, differences were not restricted to the contrast native vs. non-native, as introduced populations showed considerable divergence among themselves. Results confirmed the existence of phenotypic and behavioral variation in C. kelberi, which must affect its invasive potential by conferring adaptability to novel conditions in specific localities and contexts. These aspects make C. kelberi an almost certain invader of artificial impoundments located in tropical ecosystems of the world.
期刊介绍:
Hydrobiologia publishes original research, reviews and opinions regarding the biology of all aquatic environments, including the impact of human activities. We welcome molecular-, organism-, community- and ecosystem-level studies in contributions dealing with limnology and oceanography, including systematics and aquatic ecology. Hypothesis-driven experimental research is preferred, but also theoretical papers or articles with large descriptive content will be considered, provided they are made relevant to a broad hydrobiological audience. Applied aspects will be considered if firmly embedded in an ecological context.