利用直接空气捕集技术进行绿色甲醇生产的 "从摇篮到终点 "生命周期评估†。

IF 3.2 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Energy advances Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI:10.1039/D4YA00316K
Nicholas Badger, Rahim Boylu, Valentine Ilojianya, Mustafa Erguvan and Shahriar Amini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究对合成甲醇生产进行了全面的 "从摇篮到终点 "生命周期评估(LCA),将低温固体吸附剂直接空气捕集(DAC)系统与可再生能源和绿色氢气相结合,以评估各种可再生能源配置对 DAC 到甲醇合成过程的环境影响。与传统甲醇生产方法和以传统电网能源为动力的 DAC 系统相比,以可再生能源为动力的配置大大降低了温室气体(GHG)排放量。所分析的能源配置包括当前的美国电网组合、美国阿拉巴马州和亚利桑那州的太阳能光伏 (PV)、陆上风能、径流式水电和地热。值得注意的是,美国西部的水力发电和风力发电是最具可持续性的选择,其全球升温潜能值(GWP)影响最低,分别为每千克甲醇生产-2.53 千克二氧化碳当量和-2.39 千克二氧化碳当量,而传统的蒸汽甲烷转化则为+0.944 千克二氧化碳当量。此外,本研究还调查了使用各种热源再生低温固体吸附剂 DAC 的情况,强调了与工业废热相比,基于微波的新型再生实验结果的整合潜力。通过分析可再生能源方案和 DAC 再生热源,该研究强调了可持续能源在减缓气候变化中的关键作用。这项研究引入了一种新方法,通过比较各种可再生能源和 DAC 热源,找出最佳配置。这项工作的另一个特点是整合了微波 DAC 再生的新实验数据,为现有知识体系做出了独特的贡献。该生命周期评估仔细研究了可再生动力 DAC 转甲醇系统对环境的影响,并将其与传统甲醇生产方法进行了比较,揭示了实现碳中和的巨大潜力。研究结果强调了对技术和能源进行战略性优化的重要性,以最大限度地减少对环境的影响,从而指导扩大 DAC 和可再生能源技术的规模,有效减缓气候变化。通过认识到将可再生能源与 DAC 转化甲醇技术相结合的环境优势,这项研究标志着在推进 DAC 技术方面迈出了重要一步,并将绿色甲醇生产推向了真正的可持续发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of green methanol production using direct air capture†

A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of green methanol production using direct air capture†

This study presents a comprehensive cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of synthetic methanol production, integrating low-temperature solid sorbent direct air capture (DAC) systems with renewable energy sources and green hydrogen to evaluate the environmental impacts of various renewable energy configurations for powering the DAC-to-methanol synthesis processes. Renewable energy-powered configurations result in significantly lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than traditional methanol production methods and DAC systems powered by conventional grid energy. Energy configurations analyzed are current US grid mix, solar photovoltaic (PV) in Alabama and Arizona, USA, onshore wind, run-of-river hydroelectric, and geothermal. Notably, hydroelectric and wind power in the western United States emerge as the most sustainable options, showing the lowest global warming potential (GWP) impacts at −2.53 and −2.39 kg CO2 eq. per kg methanol produced, respectively, in contrast to the +0.944 kg CO2 eq. from traditional steam methane reforming. Furthermore, this research investigates the use of various heat sources for regenerating low-temperature solid sorbent DAC, emphasizing the potential integration of new experimental results of novel microwave-based regeneration compared to industrial waste heat. Through the analysis of renewable energy scenarios and DAC regeneration heat sources, the research emphasizes the pivotal role of sustainable energy sources in climate change mitigation. This study introduces a new approach by comparing both various renewable energy sources and DAC heat sources to identify the most optimal configurations. This work is also distinguished by its integration of new experimental data on microwave DAC regeneration, offering a unique contribution to the existing body of knowledge. This LCA scrutinizes the environmental impacts of renewably powered DAC-to-methanol systems and compares them with traditional methanol production methods, revealing the significant potential for carbon neutrality. The findings highlight the importance of strategic technology and energy source optimization to minimize environmental impacts, thus guiding the scaling up of DAC and renewable energy technologies for effective climate mitigation. By recognizing the environmental advantages of integrating renewable energy sources with DAC-to-methanol technologies, this research marks a significant step forward in advancing DAC technology and pushes the boundaries of green methanol production toward true sustainability.

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