同侧、对侧和双侧噪声前兆对人类心理声学调谐曲线的影响

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
David López-Ramos , Luis E. López-Bascuas , Almudena Eustaquio-Martín , Enrique A. Lopez-Poveda
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们认为耳蜗调谐以及听觉频率选择性在嘈杂环境中会通过激活内侧耳蜗反射(MOCR)而发生变化。在人类中,通常使用心理声学调谐曲线(PTCs)来评估听觉频率选择性,该曲线是纯音掩蔽者掩蔽一个固定电平的纯音探头所需的电平与掩蔽者频率的函数关系图。然而,有时用于测量 PTC 的刺激物足够长,以至于它们本身就能激活 MOCR,从而影响 PTC。在此,我们使用短掩蔽器(30 毫秒)和探针(10 毫秒)在前向掩蔽中测量了探针频率为 500 赫兹和 4 千赫兹的 PTC,以尽量减少掩蔽器或探针对 MOCR 的激活。此外,还在同侧、对侧和双侧宽带噪声前兆较长(300 毫秒)的情况下测量了 PTC,以研究同侧、对侧和双侧 MOCR 对 PTC 调谐的影响。四名听力正常的听者参加了实验。在 500 Hz 时,同侧和双侧前驱体通过降低频率处于或接近探针频率的掩蔽物的阈值来锐化 PTC,而对频率远离探针的掩蔽物的阈值影响很小。相比之下,在 4 kHz 频率时,同侧和双侧前体几乎不影响探针频率附近的掩蔽者的阈值,但通过降低远离探针的掩蔽者的阈值而扩大了 PTC。对侧前体几乎不影响 PTC。现有的计算模型被用来解释这些结果。该模型表明,尽管存在明显差异,但结果模式与同侧和双侧 MOCR 在两个探头频率上抑制耳蜗增益的效果相似,且比对侧 MOCR 的抑制效果更强相一致。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral noise precursors on psychoacoustical tuning curves in humans

Cochlear tuning and hence auditory frequency selectivity are thought to change in noisy environments by activation of the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR). In humans, auditory frequency selectivity is often assessed using psychoacoustical tuning curves (PTCs), a plot of the level required for pure-tone maskers to just mask a fixed-level pure-tone probe as a function of masker frequency. Sometimes, however, the stimuli used to measure a PTC are long enough that they can activate the MOCR by themselves and thus affect the PTC. Here, PTCs for probe frequencies of 500 Hz and 4 kHz were measured in forward masking using short maskers (30 ms) and probes (10 ms) to minimize the activation of the MOCR by the maskers or the probes. PTCs were also measured in the presence of long (300 ms) ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral broadband noise precursors to investigate the effect of the ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral MOCR on PTC tuning. Four listeners with normal hearing participated in the experiments. At 500 Hz, ipsilateral and bilateral precursors sharpened the PTCs by decreasing the thresholds for maskers with frequencies at or near the probe frequency with minimal effects on thresholds for maskers remote in frequency from the probe. At 4 kHz, by contrast, ipsilateral and bilateral precursors barely affected thresholds for maskers near the probe frequency but broadened PTCs by reducing thresholds for maskers far from the probe. Contralateral precursors barely affected PTCs. An existing computational model was used to interpret the results. The model suggested that despite the apparent differences, the pattern of results is consistent with the ipsilateral and bilateral MOCR inhibiting the cochlear gain similarly at the two probe frequencies and more strongly than the contralateral MOCR.

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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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