{"title":"斗兽场:开放式 RAN 数字双胞胎","authors":"Michele Polese;Leonardo Bonati;Salvatore D'Oro;Pedram Johari;Davide Villa;Sakthivel Velumani;Rajeev Gangula;Maria Tsampazi;Clifton Paul Robinson;Gabriele Gemmi;Andrea Lacava;Stefano Maxenti;Hai Cheng;Tommaso Melodia","doi":"10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.3447472","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have witnessed the Open Radio Access Network (RAN) paradigm transforming the fundamental ways cellular systems are deployed, managed, and optimized. This shift is led by concepts such as openness, softwarization, programmability, interoperability, and intelligence of the network, which have emerged in wired networks through Software-defined Networking (SDN) but lag behind in cellular systems. The realization of the Open RAN vision into practical architectures, intelligent data-driven control loops, and efficient software implementations, however, is a multifaceted challenge, which requires (i) datasets to train Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) models; (ii) facilities to test models without disrupting production networks; (iii) continuous and automated validation of the RAN software; and (iv) significant testing and integration efforts. This paper is a tutorial on how Colosseum—the world’s largest wireless network emulator with hardware in the loop—can provide the research infrastructure and tools to fill the gap between the Open RAN vision, and the deployment and commercialization of open and programmable networks. We describe how Colosseum implements an Open RAN digital twin through a high-fidelity Radio Frequency (RF) channel emulator and endto- end softwarized O-RAN and 5G-compliant protocol stacks, thus allowing users to reproduce and experiment upon topologies representative of real-world cellular deployments. Then, we detail the twinning infrastructure of Colosseum, as well as the automation pipelines for RF and protocol stack twinning. Finally, we showcase a broad range of Open RAN use cases implemented on Colosseum, including the real-time connection between the digital twin and real-world networks, and the development, prototyping, and testing of AI/ML solutions for Open RAN.","PeriodicalId":33803,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10643670","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Colosseum: The Open RAN Digital Twin\",\"authors\":\"Michele Polese;Leonardo Bonati;Salvatore D'Oro;Pedram Johari;Davide Villa;Sakthivel Velumani;Rajeev Gangula;Maria Tsampazi;Clifton Paul Robinson;Gabriele Gemmi;Andrea Lacava;Stefano Maxenti;Hai Cheng;Tommaso Melodia\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.3447472\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Recent years have witnessed the Open Radio Access Network (RAN) paradigm transforming the fundamental ways cellular systems are deployed, managed, and optimized. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
近年来,开放式无线接入网(RAN)范例改变了蜂窝系统部署、管理和优化的基本方式。这一转变由开放性、软化、可编程性、互操作性和网络智能化等概念引领,这些概念已通过软件定义网络(SDN)在有线网络中出现,但在蜂窝系统中却相对滞后。然而,要将开放式 RAN 的愿景转化为实用的架构、智能数据驱动的控制回路和高效的软件实施,却是一项多方面的挑战,这需要:(i) 用于训练人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 模型的数据集;(ii) 在不中断生产网络的情况下测试模型的设施;(iii) RAN 软件的持续和自动验证;以及 (iv) 大量的测试和集成工作。本文将介绍 Colosseum(世界上最大的无线网络仿真器)如何提供研究基础设施和工具,以填补开放式 RAN 愿景与开放式可编程网络的部署和商业化之间的空白。我们将介绍 Colosseum 如何通过高保真射频(RF)信道仿真器和端到端软化 O-RAN 和 5G 兼容协议栈实现开放 RAN 数字孪生,从而让用户能够重现和实验代表真实世界蜂窝部署的拓扑结构。然后,我们将详细介绍 Colosseum 的孪生基础设施,以及射频和协议栈孪生的自动化管道。最后,我们将展示在 Colosseum 上实现的各种开放式 RAN 用例,包括数字孪生和真实世界网络之间的实时连接,以及开放式 RAN 的 AI/ML 解决方案的开发、原型设计和测试。
Recent years have witnessed the Open Radio Access Network (RAN) paradigm transforming the fundamental ways cellular systems are deployed, managed, and optimized. This shift is led by concepts such as openness, softwarization, programmability, interoperability, and intelligence of the network, which have emerged in wired networks through Software-defined Networking (SDN) but lag behind in cellular systems. The realization of the Open RAN vision into practical architectures, intelligent data-driven control loops, and efficient software implementations, however, is a multifaceted challenge, which requires (i) datasets to train Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) models; (ii) facilities to test models without disrupting production networks; (iii) continuous and automated validation of the RAN software; and (iv) significant testing and integration efforts. This paper is a tutorial on how Colosseum—the world’s largest wireless network emulator with hardware in the loop—can provide the research infrastructure and tools to fill the gap between the Open RAN vision, and the deployment and commercialization of open and programmable networks. We describe how Colosseum implements an Open RAN digital twin through a high-fidelity Radio Frequency (RF) channel emulator and endto- end softwarized O-RAN and 5G-compliant protocol stacks, thus allowing users to reproduce and experiment upon topologies representative of real-world cellular deployments. Then, we detail the twinning infrastructure of Colosseum, as well as the automation pipelines for RF and protocol stack twinning. Finally, we showcase a broad range of Open RAN use cases implemented on Colosseum, including the real-time connection between the digital twin and real-world networks, and the development, prototyping, and testing of AI/ML solutions for Open RAN.
期刊介绍:
The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society (OJ-COMS) is an open access, all-electronic journal that publishes original high-quality manuscripts on advances in the state of the art of telecommunications systems and networks. The papers in IEEE OJ-COMS are included in Scopus. Submissions reporting new theoretical findings (including novel methods, concepts, and studies) and practical contributions (including experiments and development of prototypes) are welcome. Additionally, survey and tutorial articles are considered. The IEEE OJCOMS received its debut impact factor of 7.9 according to the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) 2023.
The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society covers science, technology, applications and standards for information organization, collection and transfer using electronic, optical and wireless channels and networks. Some specific areas covered include:
Systems and network architecture, control and management
Protocols, software, and middleware
Quality of service, reliability, and security
Modulation, detection, coding, and signaling
Switching and routing
Mobile and portable communications
Terminals and other end-user devices
Networks for content distribution and distributed computing
Communications-based distributed resources control.