与充冰钻孔爆破有关的岩石破坏调查

IF 3.8 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL
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引用次数: 0

摘要

寒冷地区(如高山和高海拔地区)的岩石挖掘和矿石开采通常采用钻爆法。由于从周围地面流入钻孔的水(如岩石裂缝和孔隙中的水)可能结冰,因此在寒冷地区钻孔时可能会结冰。岩石爆破的性能不可避免地会受到冰的影响,但目前还没有研究探讨钻孔中的冰对岩石爆破性能的影响。本研究调查了充冰钻孔爆破引起的岩石破坏。分析了充冰钻孔爆破对岩体的破坏模式和机理。确定了单一充冰钻孔爆破与冰水、冰气混合充填钻孔爆破诱发岩石破坏的差异。研究了钻孔中的冰量对爆破引起的岩石破坏的影响。结果发现,当钻孔中的水变成冰时,爆破引起的岩石破坏会大大减少。此外,与全耦合装药爆破相比,在钻孔底部填充冰量大于 6.7% 的情况下进行爆破,可减少对岩石的破坏。为了提高充冰钻孔爆破的性能,研究了改变点火位置和使用不同类型炸药这两种方法对充冰钻孔爆破引起的岩石破坏的影响。最后提出了一个包含冰体积、炸药特性和岩石特性的岩石破坏体积经验公式,作为寒冷地区充冰钻孔爆破设计的参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Investigation on rock damage associated with ice-filling borehole blasting

Rock excavation and ore extraction in cold regions (e.g., alpine and high-altitude regions) are often conducted using the drill and blasting method. Ice may be presented in boreholes drilled in cold regions due to the potential freezing of water (e.g., water in rock fractures and pores) flowing into boreholes from the surrounding ground. The performance of rock blasting is inevitably affected by the presence of ice and no study has examined the effect of ice in boreholes on rock blasting performance. The present study investigates rock damage induced by the ice-filling borehole blasting. The damage modes and mechanisms of rock mass under the ice-filling borehole blasting are analyzed. The differences of rock damage induced by the sole ice-filling borehole blasting and the ice-water and ice-air mixed filling borehole blasting are identified. The effects of ice volumes in boreholes on blast-induced rock damage are examined. It is found that blast-induced rock damage is greatly reduced as water in boreholes turns into ice. In addition, the blasting with the ice volume greater than 6.7 % filled at the bottom of borehole can induce less rock damage compared to full-coupled charge blasting. To improve the performance of rock blasting with ice-filling boreholes, the effects of two methods, i.e., changing ignition locations and using different types of explosives on rock damage induced by the ice-filling borehole blasting are investigated. An empirical formula of rock damage volume incorporating ice volume, explosive properties, and rock properties is finally proposed as the reference for the design of ice-filling borehole blasting in cold regions.

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来源期刊
Cold Regions Science and Technology
Cold Regions Science and Technology 工程技术-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
12.20%
发文量
209
审稿时长
4.9 months
期刊介绍: Cold Regions Science and Technology is an international journal dealing with the science and technical problems of cold environments in both the polar regions and more temperate locations. It includes fundamental aspects of cryospheric sciences which have applications for cold regions problems as well as engineering topics which relate to the cryosphere. Emphasis is given to applied science with broad coverage of the physical and mechanical aspects of ice (including glaciers and sea ice), snow and snow avalanches, ice-water systems, ice-bonded soils and permafrost. Relevant aspects of Earth science, materials science, offshore and river ice engineering are also of primary interest. These include icing of ships and structures as well as trafficability in cold environments. Technological advances for cold regions in research, development, and engineering practice are relevant to the journal. Theoretical papers must include a detailed discussion of the potential application of the theory to address cold regions problems. The journal serves a wide range of specialists, providing a medium for interdisciplinary communication and a convenient source of reference.
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