粪钙铝菌的异养硝化作用将有机氮和无机氮代谢联系起来

Ya-Ling Qin, Zong-Lin Liang, Guo-Min Ai, Wei-Feng Liu, Yong Tao, Cheng-Ying Jiang, Shuang-Jiang Liu, De-Feng Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

几十年来,异养硝化一直是个谜。通常的假设是,异养硝化菌将氨氧化成羟胺,然后再氧化成亚硝酸盐,其方式与自养型 AOA 和 AOB 相似。最近发现,来自藻类的异养硝化细菌通过基因簇 dnfABC 将氨氧化成羟胺,然后再氧化成 N2("dirammox",直接氨氧化),其机制尚待报道。潜在的谷氨酰胺脒基转移酶 DnfC 在异养氨氧化中的作用可能涉及谷氨酰胺。在这里,我们发现粪钙酵母菌 JQ135 可氧化氨以外的氨基酸。我们发现谷氨酰胺是 dirammox 途径的中间产物,而谷氨酰胺合成酶基因是粪藻菌 JQ135 和携带 dnfABC 基因簇的大肠杆菌细胞氧化氨基酸和氨所必需的。我们的研究拓展了对异养硝化菌的认识,并对异养硝化的经典范式提出了挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Heterotrophic nitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis links organic and inorganic nitrogen metabolism
Heterotrophic nitrification remains a mystery for decades. It has been commonly hypothesized that heterotrophic nitrifiers oxidize ammonia to hydroxylamine and then to nitrite in a way similar to autotrophic AOA and AOB. Recently, heterotrophic nitrifiers from Alcaligenes were found to oxidize ammonia to hydroxylamine and then to N2 (“dirammox”, direct ammonia oxidation) by the gene cluster dnfABC with a yet-to-be-reported mechanism. The role of a potential glutamine amidotransferase DnfC clues the heterotrophic ammonia oxidation might involving in glutamine. Here, we found Alcaligenes faecalis JQ135 could oxidize amino acids besides ammonia. We discovered that glutamine is an intermediate of the dirammox pathway and the glutamine synthetase gene is essential for both A. faecalis JQ135 and the E. coli cells harboring dnfABC gene cluster to oxidize amino acids and ammonia. Our study expands understanding of heterotrophic nitrifiers and challenges the classical paradigm of heterotrophic nitrification.
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