{"title":"通过钴电子梭催化实现 CF2 单元的二烷基化","authors":"Changqing Rao, Tianze Zhang, Hanmin Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-51532-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The incorporation of difluoromethylene (CF<sub>2</sub>) group into chemical molecules often imparts desirable properties such as lipophilicity, binding affinity, and thermal stability. Consequently, the increasing demand for <i>gem-</i>difluoroalkylated compounds in drug discovery and materials science has continued to drive the development of practical methods for their synthesis. However, traditional synthetic methods such as deoxofluorination often confront challenges including complicated substrate synthesis sequences and poor functional group compatibility. In this context, we herein report a metal electron-shuttle catalyzed, modular synthetic methodology for difluoroalkylated compounds by assembling two C(sp<sup>3</sup>) fragments across CF<sub>2</sub> unit in a single step. The approach harnesses a difluoromethylene synthon as a biradical linchpin, achieving the construction of two C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-CF<sub>2</sub> bonds through radical addition to two different <i>π</i>-unsaturated molecules. This catalytic protocol is compatible with broad range of coupling partners including diverse olefins, iminiums, and hydrazones, supporting endeavors in the efficient construction of C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-rich difluoroalkylated molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Dialkylation of CF2 unit enabled by cobalt electron-shuttle catalysis\",\"authors\":\"Changqing Rao, Tianze Zhang, Hanmin Huang\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41467-024-51532-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>The incorporation of difluoromethylene (CF<sub>2</sub>) group into chemical molecules often imparts desirable properties such as lipophilicity, binding affinity, and thermal stability. Consequently, the increasing demand for <i>gem-</i>difluoroalkylated compounds in drug discovery and materials science has continued to drive the development of practical methods for their synthesis. However, traditional synthetic methods such as deoxofluorination often confront challenges including complicated substrate synthesis sequences and poor functional group compatibility. In this context, we herein report a metal electron-shuttle catalyzed, modular synthetic methodology for difluoroalkylated compounds by assembling two C(sp<sup>3</sup>) fragments across CF<sub>2</sub> unit in a single step. The approach harnesses a difluoromethylene synthon as a biradical linchpin, achieving the construction of two C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-CF<sub>2</sub> bonds through radical addition to two different <i>π</i>-unsaturated molecules. This catalytic protocol is compatible with broad range of coupling partners including diverse olefins, iminiums, and hydrazones, supporting endeavors in the efficient construction of C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-rich difluoroalkylated molecules.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19066,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nature Communications\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":14.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nature Communications\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"103\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-51532-1\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"综合性期刊\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature Communications","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-51532-1","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Dialkylation of CF2 unit enabled by cobalt electron-shuttle catalysis
The incorporation of difluoromethylene (CF2) group into chemical molecules often imparts desirable properties such as lipophilicity, binding affinity, and thermal stability. Consequently, the increasing demand for gem-difluoroalkylated compounds in drug discovery and materials science has continued to drive the development of practical methods for their synthesis. However, traditional synthetic methods such as deoxofluorination often confront challenges including complicated substrate synthesis sequences and poor functional group compatibility. In this context, we herein report a metal electron-shuttle catalyzed, modular synthetic methodology for difluoroalkylated compounds by assembling two C(sp3) fragments across CF2 unit in a single step. The approach harnesses a difluoromethylene synthon as a biradical linchpin, achieving the construction of two C(sp3)-CF2 bonds through radical addition to two different π-unsaturated molecules. This catalytic protocol is compatible with broad range of coupling partners including diverse olefins, iminiums, and hydrazones, supporting endeavors in the efficient construction of C(sp3)-rich difluoroalkylated molecules.
期刊介绍:
Nature Communications, an open-access journal, publishes high-quality research spanning all areas of the natural sciences. Papers featured in the journal showcase significant advances relevant to specialists in each respective field. With a 2-year impact factor of 16.6 (2022) and a median time of 8 days from submission to the first editorial decision, Nature Communications is committed to rapid dissemination of research findings. As a multidisciplinary journal, it welcomes contributions from biological, health, physical, chemical, Earth, social, mathematical, applied, and engineering sciences, aiming to highlight important breakthroughs within each domain.