疏伐后再焚烧林木可促进黑松的生长,降低其对干旱的脆弱性。

IF 4.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Lena Vilà-Vilardell, Teresa Valor, Rebecca Hood-Nowotny, Katharina Schott, Míriam Piqué, Pere Casals
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引用次数: 0

摘要

日益频繁的严重干旱事件正迫使地中海森林做出前所未有的反应。缺乏管理导致森林茂密,极易受到干旱压力的影响,可能造成大面积枯死,更容易受到其他干扰。疏伐和焚烧林木等森林处理方法可减少对资源的竞争,并有可能促进树木的生长和活力,最大限度地降低树木对干旱的脆弱性。在这里,我们利用树木年轮研究了西班牙东北部黑松在不同处理下对干旱的生长和生理反应,包括两种疏伐强度(轻度和重度,分别减少 10% 和 40% 的基部面积),以及两种林下处理(单独清除和结合斜伐燃烧),从而得出了四种处理加一种未处理对照的研究设计,并进行了三次重复。具体来说,我们利用处理前后的碳和氧同位素组成(树环纤维素中的δ13C和δ18O)研究了基部面积增量(BAI)、抗逆性指数和内在水分利用效率(iWUE)。我们的研究结果表明,重度稀疏(烧毁和未烧毁)和轻度稀疏烧毁单元的 BAI 和抗旱性都有所提高。无论焚烧强度如何,焚烧单元的恢复能力都有所提高,而恢复能力不受处理的影响。与单独清除相比,斜伐焚烧可增加轻薄单元的 BAI,增加重薄单元的抗逆性和恢复力。稳定同位素分析表明,处理对 δ13C 和 δ18O 的影响较小。不同处理的 iWUE 没有变化,这可能与二氧化碳净同化和气孔导度成比例增加有关,尤其是重薄(烧毁和未烧毁)和轻薄烧毁单位的气孔导度增加,表明这些树木受干旱的影响最小。这项研究表明,旨在降低野火危害的管理方法也能在干旱压力下增强优势树木的活力。通过减少来自上层树和下层树的竞争,单独或结合斜坡燃烧进行疏伐后再进行清理,可促进树木的生长和活力,并增强其对干旱的抵抗力和复原力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Thinning followed by slash burning enhances growth and reduces vulnerability to drought for Pinus nigra

Increasingly frequent severe drought events are pushing Mediterranean forests to unprecedented responses. Lack of management leads to dense forests that are highly susceptible to drought stress, potentially resulting in extensive dieback and increased vulnerability to other disturbances. Forest treatments like thinning and slash burning reduce competition for resources and have the potential to enhance tree growth and vigor and minimize tree vulnerability to drought. Here, we used tree rings to study the growth and physiological response of black pine (Pinus nigra) to drought in northeastern Spain under different treatments, including two thinning intensities (light and heavy, with 10% and 40% basal area reduction, respectively) followed by two understory treatments (clearing alone and in combination with slash burning), resulting in a research design of four treatments plus an untreated control with three replicates. Specifically, we studied basal area increment (BAI), resilience indices, and intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) using carbon and oxygen isotope composition (δ13C and δ18O in tree-ring cellulose) before and after treatments. Our results showed that BAI and resistance to drought increased in the heavy-thin (burned and unburned) and light-thin burned units. Resilience increased in the burned units regardless of the thinning intensity, while recovery was not affected by treatment. Slash burning additionally increased BAI in the light-thin and resistance and resilience in the heavy-thin units compared with clearing alone. The stable isotope analysis revealed a minor effect of treatments on δ13C and δ18O. No change in iWUE among treatments was presumably linked to a proportional increase in both net CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance, which particularly increased in the heavy-thin (burned and unburned) and light-thin burned units, indicating that these trees were the least affected by drought. This study shows that management approaches aimed at reducing wildfire hazard can also increase the vigor of dominant trees under drought stress. By reducing competition both from the overstory and the understory, thinning followed by clearing alone or in combination with slash burning promotes tree growth and vigor and increases its resistance and resilience to drought.

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来源期刊
Ecological Applications
Ecological Applications 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
2.00%
发文量
268
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The pages of Ecological Applications are open to research and discussion papers that integrate ecological science and concepts with their application and implications. Of special interest are papers that develop the basic scientific principles on which environmental decision-making should rest, and those that discuss the application of ecological concepts to environmental problem solving, policy, and management. Papers that deal explicitly with policy matters are welcome. Interdisciplinary approaches are encouraged, as are short communications on emerging environmental challenges.
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