格陵兰西北部冰川前沿系泊点的一致季节性水文特征

IF 3.3 2区 地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY
Marie J. Zahn, Kristin L. Laidre, Malene Simon, Kathleen M. Stafford, Michael Wood, Josh K. Willis, Elizabeth M. Phillips, Ian Fenty
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引用次数: 0

摘要

格陵兰的海洋末端冰川连接着冰原和海洋,是进行热量、淡水和营养物质交换的重要边界。内陆冰盖融化产生的浮力淡水径流在海洋末端冰川底部排出,形成强劲的上涌羽流。据了解,冰川下羽流改变了冰川前沿附近的水域,并通过在深处夹带温暖的环境水增加了海底冰川的融化。然而,格陵兰沿海边缘的海洋观测仍然偏重于夏季,这限制了对海洋对冰川退缩和加速的影响的准确估计。在这里,我们利用全年部署的系泊设备、CTDs 和剖面浮标进行现场观测,描述了梅尔维尔湾冰川前沿的季节性水文变化,从而填补了格陵兰西北部的一个重要观测空白。我们利用遥感和再分析数据产品以及高分辨率海洋模型,评估了当地和远程的作用力。对全年水文数据的分析表明,温度和盐度在底层以上具有一致的季节性。最温暖、最咸的水域出现在春季(4 月至 5 月),夏季融水羽流进入深海时,冰川的海底融化能力增强。初冬(11 月至 12 月)的海水最冷、最新鲜,因为夏季海冰、冰川冰和冰山的融化为陆架沿岸提供了冷淡水。夏季和秋季的海洋变化最大,与淡水径流增加和冬季海冰形成前的大风事件相吻合。研究结果加深了我们对格陵兰冰与海洋相互作用的机理认识,并有助于改进海洋模型参数化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Consistent Seasonal Hydrography From Moorings at Northwest Greenland Glacier Fronts

Consistent Seasonal Hydrography From Moorings at Northwest Greenland Glacier Fronts

Greenland's marine-terminating glaciers connect the ice sheet to the ocean and provide a critical boundary where heat, freshwater, and nutrient exchanges take place. Buoyant freshwater runoff from inland ice sheet melt is discharged at the base of marine-terminating glaciers, forming vigorous upwelling plumes. It is understood that subglacial plumes modify waters near glacier fronts and increase submarine glacier melt by entraining warm ambient waters at depth. However, ocean observations along Greenland's coastal margins remain biased toward summer months which limits accurate estimation of ocean forcing on glacier retreat and acceleration. Here, we fill a key observational gap in northwest Greenland by describing seasonal hydrographic variation at glacier fronts in Melville Bay using in situ observations from moorings deployed year-round, CTDs, and profiling floats. We evaluated local and remote forcing using remote sensing and reanalysis data products alongside a high-resolution ocean model. Analysis of the year-round hydrographic data revealed consistent above-sill seasonality in temperature and salinity. The warmest, saltiest waters occurred in spring (April–May) and primed glaciers for enhanced submarine melt in summer when meltwater plumes entrain deep waters. Waters were coldest and freshest in early winter (November–December) after summer melt from sea ice, glacier ice, and icebergs provided cold freshwater along the shelf. Ocean variability was greatest in the summer and fall, coincident with increased freshwater runoff and large wind events before winter sea ice formation. Results increase our mechanistic understanding of Greenland ice-ocean interactions and enable improvements in ocean model parameterization.

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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans Earth and Planetary Sciences-Oceanography
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
13.90%
发文量
429
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