2022 年加拿大东部与甲型(H5N1)高致病性禽流感病毒有关的野鸟大量死亡事件

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.4980
Stephanie Avery-Gomm, Tatsiana Barychka, Matthew English, Robert A. Ronconi, Sabina I. Wilhelm, Jean-François Rail, Tabatha Cormier, Matthieu Beaumont, Campbell Bowser, Tori V. Burt, Sydney M. Collins, Steven Duffy, Jolene A. Giacinti, Scott Gilliland, Jean-François Giroux, Carina Gjerdrum, Magella Guillemette, Kathryn E. Hargan, Megan Jones, Andrew Kennedy, Liam Kusalik, Stéphane Lair, Andrew Lang, Raphael A. Lavoie, Christine Lepage, Gretchen McPhail, William A. Montevecchi, Glen J. Parsons, Jennifer F. Provencher, Ishraq Rahman, Gregory J. Robertson, Yannick Seyer, Catherine Soos, Christopher R. E. Ward, Regina Wells, Jordan Wight
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2022 年,由 2.3.4.4b 支系高致病性禽流感 (HPAI) H5N1 病毒引起的严重疫情导致加拿大东部野生鸟类空前死亡。据报告,数以万计的鸟类染病或死亡,促使对 2022 年 4 月 1 日至 9 月 30 日繁殖季节的死亡率进行全面评估。死亡率报告由联邦、土著、省级和市级机构、加拿大野生动物健康合作组织(Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative)以及其他非政府组织、大学和公民科学平台提供。为完善死亡率估算,我们进行了一项情景分析,以考虑在一系列空间和时间重叠情况下来自多个来源的潜在重复计算。对重复计算进行校正后,估计高致病性禽流感在 2022 年春季和夏季造成加拿大东部 40,391 只野生鸟类死亡;但是,这一数字低估了总死亡率,因为它不包括未报告的陆地和海上死亡。海鸟和海鸭是寿命较长的物种,从干扰中恢复的速度较慢,它们的死亡人数占估计死亡人数的 98.7%。我们的研究提供了鸟类死亡率的估计值,其中死亡率最高的是北海鸥(Morus bassanus;25669 只)、普通海鸥(Uria aalge;8133 只)和美洲凫(Somateria mollissima dresseri;1894 只)。然后,我们将这些死亡率估计值与最近的种群估计值和趋势进行比较,并初步评估是否可能对种群产生具有生物学意义的影响。具体而言,我们将重点放在北大杓鹬--一个在全球范围内遭受严重死亡的物种,以及两个被捕获的物种--普通鲱鱼和美洲普通凫--上,以便为管理决策提供信息。我们的分析表明,在加拿大东部,北海鸥和美洲秃凫的种群水平可能会受到影响,但普通鸊鷉不太可能受到影响。这项研究展示了一种评估死亡率的综合方法,并强调迫切需要开展进一步研究,以了解高致病性禽流感爆发对野生鸟类种群造成的更广泛的生态影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Wild bird mass mortalities in eastern Canada associated with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) virus, 2022

Wild bird mass mortalities in eastern Canada associated with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) virus, 2022

In 2022, a severe outbreak of disease caused by clade 2.3.4.4b Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus resulted in unprecedented mortality among wild birds in eastern Canada. Tens of thousands of birds were reported sick or dead, prompting a comprehensive assessment of mortality spanning the breeding season between April 1 and September 30, 2022. Mortality reports were collated from federal, Indigenous, provincial, and municipal agencies, the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, and other nongovernmental organizations, universities, and citizen science platforms. A scenario analysis was conducted to refine mortality estimates, accounting for potential double counts from multiple sources under a range of spatial and temporal overlaps. Correcting for double counting, HPAI is estimated to have caused 40,391 wild bird mortalities in eastern Canada during the spring and summer of 2022; however, this figure underestimates total mortality as it excludes unreported deaths on land and at sea. Seabirds and sea ducks, long-lived species that are slow to recover from perturbations, accounted for 98.7% of estimated mortalities. Our study provides estimates of bird mortality, with Northern Gannets (Morus bassanus; 25,669), Common Murres (Uria aalge; 8133), and American Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima dresseri; 1894) exhibiting the highest mortality figures. We then compare these mortality estimates with recent population estimates and trends and make an initial assessment of whether biologically meaningful population-level impacts are possible. Specifically, we focus on the Northern Gannet, a species that has suffered significant global mortality, and two harvested species, Common Murre and American Common Eider, to inform management decisions. Our analysis suggests population-level impacts in eastern Canada are possible for Northern Gannets and American Common Eiders, but are unlikely for Common Murres. This study demonstrates a comprehensive approach to assessing mortality and underscores the urgent need for further research to understand the broader ecological ramifications of the HPAI outbreak on wild bird populations.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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