{"title":"推进电动汽车的健康状况评估:基于变压器的利用真实世界数据的方法","authors":"Kosaku Nakano , Sophia Vögler , Kenji Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.adapen.2024.100188","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) underscores the urgent need for innovative approaches to estimate their lithium-ion batteries’ state of health (SOH), which is crucial for ensuring safety and efficiency. This study introduces SOH-TEC, a transformer encoder-based model that processes raw time-series battery and vehicle-related data from a single EV trip to estimate the SOH. Unlike conventional methods that rely on lab-experimented battery cycle data, SOH-TEC utilizes real-world EV operation data, enhancing practical application. The model is trained and evaluated on a real-world dataset collected over nearly three years from three EVs. This dataset includes reliable SOH labels obtained through periodic constant-current full-discharge tests using a chassis dynamometer. Despite the challenges posed by noisy EV real-world data, the model shows high accuracy, with a mean absolute error of 0.72% and a root mean square error of 1.17%. Moreover, our proposed pre-training strategies with unlabeled data, particularly SOH ordinal comparison, significantly enhance the model’s performance; using only 50% of the labeled data achieves results nearly identical to those obtained with the full dataset. Self-attention map analysis reveals that the model primarily focuses on stationary or consistent driving periods to estimate SOH. While the study is constrained by a dataset featuring repetitive driving patterns, it highlights the significant potential of transformer for SOH estimation in EVs and offers valuable insights for future data collection and model development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34615,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Applied Energy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679242400026X/pdfft?md5=d77f0e82e70762f99f4b385e9253c7d3&pid=1-s2.0-S266679242400026X-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Advancing state of health estimation for electric vehicles: Transformer-based approach leveraging real-world data\",\"authors\":\"Kosaku Nakano , Sophia Vögler , Kenji Tanaka\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.adapen.2024.100188\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) underscores the urgent need for innovative approaches to estimate their lithium-ion batteries’ state of health (SOH), which is crucial for ensuring safety and efficiency. This study introduces SOH-TEC, a transformer encoder-based model that processes raw time-series battery and vehicle-related data from a single EV trip to estimate the SOH. Unlike conventional methods that rely on lab-experimented battery cycle data, SOH-TEC utilizes real-world EV operation data, enhancing practical application. The model is trained and evaluated on a real-world dataset collected over nearly three years from three EVs. This dataset includes reliable SOH labels obtained through periodic constant-current full-discharge tests using a chassis dynamometer. Despite the challenges posed by noisy EV real-world data, the model shows high accuracy, with a mean absolute error of 0.72% and a root mean square error of 1.17%. Moreover, our proposed pre-training strategies with unlabeled data, particularly SOH ordinal comparison, significantly enhance the model’s performance; using only 50% of the labeled data achieves results nearly identical to those obtained with the full dataset. Self-attention map analysis reveals that the model primarily focuses on stationary or consistent driving periods to estimate SOH. While the study is constrained by a dataset featuring repetitive driving patterns, it highlights the significant potential of transformer for SOH estimation in EVs and offers valuable insights for future data collection and model development.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":34615,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Advances in Applied Energy\",\"volume\":\"16 \",\"pages\":\"Article 100188\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":13.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679242400026X/pdfft?md5=d77f0e82e70762f99f4b385e9253c7d3&pid=1-s2.0-S266679242400026X-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Advances in Applied Energy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679242400026X\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENERGY & FUELS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in Applied Energy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266679242400026X","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Advancing state of health estimation for electric vehicles: Transformer-based approach leveraging real-world data
The widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) underscores the urgent need for innovative approaches to estimate their lithium-ion batteries’ state of health (SOH), which is crucial for ensuring safety and efficiency. This study introduces SOH-TEC, a transformer encoder-based model that processes raw time-series battery and vehicle-related data from a single EV trip to estimate the SOH. Unlike conventional methods that rely on lab-experimented battery cycle data, SOH-TEC utilizes real-world EV operation data, enhancing practical application. The model is trained and evaluated on a real-world dataset collected over nearly three years from three EVs. This dataset includes reliable SOH labels obtained through periodic constant-current full-discharge tests using a chassis dynamometer. Despite the challenges posed by noisy EV real-world data, the model shows high accuracy, with a mean absolute error of 0.72% and a root mean square error of 1.17%. Moreover, our proposed pre-training strategies with unlabeled data, particularly SOH ordinal comparison, significantly enhance the model’s performance; using only 50% of the labeled data achieves results nearly identical to those obtained with the full dataset. Self-attention map analysis reveals that the model primarily focuses on stationary or consistent driving periods to estimate SOH. While the study is constrained by a dataset featuring repetitive driving patterns, it highlights the significant potential of transformer for SOH estimation in EVs and offers valuable insights for future data collection and model development.