早期生活压力/逆境的持久记忆后果:结构、突触、分子和表观遗传机制

IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
Tallie Z. Baram , Matthew T. Birnie
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引用次数: 0

摘要

早年的不利生活经历与终生认知功能下降密切相关。在许多人体研究中,这种联系都非常密切,但这些研究并不能确定因果关系,而且由于接触活体人脑的机会有限,因此无法确定早期生活逆境(ELA)可能诱发认知问题的机制。在实验模型中,人为施加的慢性 ELA/压力会导致海马依赖性记忆缺陷,以及更容易受到成人压力对记忆的有害影响。ELA与终生记忆损伤之间的这种因果关系为探究ELA可能导致人类认知问题的机制提供了一个框架。在此,我们将重点研究啮齿类动物在出生后早期一周的逆境暴露所造成的后果、随之而来的记忆缺陷的范围以及造成这些后果的机制。我们强调分子、细胞和回路机制,采用融合的跨学科方法,旨在将实验模型中的发现转化为临床实践。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Enduring memory consequences of early-life stress / adversity: Structural, synaptic, molecular and epigenetic mechanisms

Adverse early life experiences are strongly associated with reduced cognitive function throughout life. The link is strong in many human studies, but these do not enable assigning causality, and the limited access to the live human brain can impede establishing the mechanisms by which early-life adversity (ELA) may induce cognitive problems. In experimental models, artificially imposed chronic ELA/stress results in deficits in hippocampus dependent memory as well as increased vulnerability to the deleterious effects of adult stress on memory. This causal relation of ELA and life-long memory impairments provides a framework to probe the mechanisms by which ELA may lead to human cognitive problems. Here we focus on the consequences of a one-week exposure to adversity during early postnatal life in the rodent, the spectrum of the ensuing memory deficits, and the mechanisms responsible. We highlight molecular, cellular and circuit mechanisms using convergent trans-disciplinary approaches aiming to enable translation of the discoveries in experimental models to the clinic.

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来源期刊
Neurobiology of Stress
Neurobiology of Stress Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
4.00%
发文量
74
审稿时长
48 days
期刊介绍: Neurobiology of Stress is a multidisciplinary journal for the publication of original research and review articles on basic, translational and clinical research into stress and related disorders. It will focus on the impact of stress on the brain from cellular to behavioral functions and stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (such as depression, trauma and anxiety). The translation of basic research findings into real-world applications will be a key aim of the journal. Basic, translational and clinical research on the following topics as they relate to stress will be covered: Molecular substrates and cell signaling, Genetics and epigenetics, Stress circuitry, Structural and physiological plasticity, Developmental Aspects, Laboratory models of stress, Neuroinflammation and pathology, Memory and Cognition, Motivational Processes, Fear and Anxiety, Stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders (including depression, PTSD, substance abuse), Neuropsychopharmacology.
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