{"title":"造山型金矿床的先进土壤-气体地球化学勘探方法:西藏查拉布金矿床案例研究","authors":"Xiaofang Dou , Youye Zheng , Shunli Zheng , Xin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106226","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Orogenic gold deposits play a significant role in the world’s gold reserves, and their distinctive characteristics pose challenges for exploration. The low sulfide content and narrow, fault-controlled sulfide-quartz veins hinder the use of traditional mineral exploration methods to locate deeply buried ore bodies, particularly in regolith-covered areas. Enhanced methods are required to detect deposits at greater depths. Soil gas composition shows promising potential for mineral exploration by conveying information about sulfur-rich and carbon-rich gases related to deep-seated mineralization into surface soils. However, the prospects of this method for gold deposits remain uncertain. In this study, a novel method was introduced to perform an integrated H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO<sub>2</sub> soil-gas geochemical survey on gold ore bodies of different scales at the Chalapu deposit in Tibet. The results unveiled notable gas geochemical anomalies of H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO<sub>2</sub> above the multi-layered or thick gold ore bodies. For instance, on exploration line 16 at point A1607, H<sub>2</sub>S reached the regional maximum value of 1.064 ppm, coinciding with the surface exposure of the thickest gold ore body, measuring 19.81 m. While the presence of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> anomalies alone may not signify potential mineralized zones, the combined presence of anomalous H<sub>2</sub>S and SO<sub>2</sub> values along with CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations appears to be effective in identifying mineralization. These combinations of geochemical anomalies not only uncover concealed ore bodies, but also delineate the trend and extension direction in strike and dip of ore bodies. Gas intensity may provide insights into the scale of the ore bodies, with stronger gas anomalies observed in areas with thicker ore bodies at similar depths. Thus, the study reveals that soil-gas exploration shows great promise as an exploration technique for orogenic gold deposits, especially in areas with regolith cover hindering traditional methods from detecting mineralized zones for gold exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169136824003597/pdfft?md5=e846cbdda7026a64a7f9c2484bb529b8&pid=1-s2.0-S0169136824003597-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Advanced soil-gas geochemical exploration methods for orogenic gold deposits: A case study of Chalapu deposit, Xizang\",\"authors\":\"Xiaofang Dou , Youye Zheng , Shunli Zheng , Xin Chen\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106226\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Orogenic gold deposits play a significant role in the world’s gold reserves, and their distinctive characteristics pose challenges for exploration. The low sulfide content and narrow, fault-controlled sulfide-quartz veins hinder the use of traditional mineral exploration methods to locate deeply buried ore bodies, particularly in regolith-covered areas. Enhanced methods are required to detect deposits at greater depths. Soil gas composition shows promising potential for mineral exploration by conveying information about sulfur-rich and carbon-rich gases related to deep-seated mineralization into surface soils. However, the prospects of this method for gold deposits remain uncertain. In this study, a novel method was introduced to perform an integrated H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO<sub>2</sub> soil-gas geochemical survey on gold ore bodies of different scales at the Chalapu deposit in Tibet. The results unveiled notable gas geochemical anomalies of H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO<sub>2</sub> above the multi-layered or thick gold ore bodies. For instance, on exploration line 16 at point A1607, H<sub>2</sub>S reached the regional maximum value of 1.064 ppm, coinciding with the surface exposure of the thickest gold ore body, measuring 19.81 m. While the presence of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> anomalies alone may not signify potential mineralized zones, the combined presence of anomalous H<sub>2</sub>S and SO<sub>2</sub> values along with CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations appears to be effective in identifying mineralization. These combinations of geochemical anomalies not only uncover concealed ore bodies, but also delineate the trend and extension direction in strike and dip of ore bodies. Gas intensity may provide insights into the scale of the ore bodies, with stronger gas anomalies observed in areas with thicker ore bodies at similar depths. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
成因型金矿床在世界黄金储量中占有重要地位,其独特的特征给勘探工作带来了挑战。硫化物含量低、断层控制的狭长硫化物-石英脉阻碍了传统矿物勘探方法对深埋矿体的定位,尤其是在重结石覆盖的地区。需要采用更先进的方法来探测更深的矿藏。土壤气体成分可将与深层矿化有关的富硫和富碳气体信息传递到地表土壤中,从而为矿产勘探带来巨大潜力。然而,这种方法在金矿床方面的前景仍不明朗。本研究采用一种新方法,对西藏恰拉普矿床不同规模的金矿体进行了综合 H2S、SO2、CH4 和 CO2 土壤气体地球化学调查。结果揭示了多层或厚金矿体上明显的 H2S、SO2、CH4 和 CO2 气体地球化学异常。例如,在位于 A1607 点的 16 号勘探线,H2S 达到了 1.064 ppm 的区域最大值,与最厚金矿体(19.81 米)的地表暴露点相吻合。这些地球化学异常的组合不仅能发现隐藏的矿体,还能划定矿体走向和倾角的趋势和延伸方向。气体强度可以让人了解矿体的规模,在深度相近、矿体较厚的地区观察到较强的气体异常。因此,该研究揭示了土壤-气体勘探作为造山型金矿床勘探技术的巨大前景,尤其是在有碎屑岩覆盖阻碍传统方法探测金矿勘探成矿带的地区。
Advanced soil-gas geochemical exploration methods for orogenic gold deposits: A case study of Chalapu deposit, Xizang
Orogenic gold deposits play a significant role in the world’s gold reserves, and their distinctive characteristics pose challenges for exploration. The low sulfide content and narrow, fault-controlled sulfide-quartz veins hinder the use of traditional mineral exploration methods to locate deeply buried ore bodies, particularly in regolith-covered areas. Enhanced methods are required to detect deposits at greater depths. Soil gas composition shows promising potential for mineral exploration by conveying information about sulfur-rich and carbon-rich gases related to deep-seated mineralization into surface soils. However, the prospects of this method for gold deposits remain uncertain. In this study, a novel method was introduced to perform an integrated H2S, SO2, CH4, and CO2 soil-gas geochemical survey on gold ore bodies of different scales at the Chalapu deposit in Tibet. The results unveiled notable gas geochemical anomalies of H2S, SO2, CH4, and CO2 above the multi-layered or thick gold ore bodies. For instance, on exploration line 16 at point A1607, H2S reached the regional maximum value of 1.064 ppm, coinciding with the surface exposure of the thickest gold ore body, measuring 19.81 m. While the presence of CH4 and CO2 anomalies alone may not signify potential mineralized zones, the combined presence of anomalous H2S and SO2 values along with CH4 and CO2 concentrations appears to be effective in identifying mineralization. These combinations of geochemical anomalies not only uncover concealed ore bodies, but also delineate the trend and extension direction in strike and dip of ore bodies. Gas intensity may provide insights into the scale of the ore bodies, with stronger gas anomalies observed in areas with thicker ore bodies at similar depths. Thus, the study reveals that soil-gas exploration shows great promise as an exploration technique for orogenic gold deposits, especially in areas with regolith cover hindering traditional methods from detecting mineralized zones for gold exploration.
期刊介绍:
Ore Geology Reviews aims to familiarize all earth scientists with recent advances in a number of interconnected disciplines related to the study of, and search for, ore deposits. The reviews range from brief to longer contributions, but the journal preferentially publishes manuscripts that fill the niche between the commonly shorter journal articles and the comprehensive book coverages, and thus has a special appeal to many authors and readers.