通过社交媒体数据揭露世界上最大的热带国家的非法狩猎和野生动物损耗情况。

IF 5.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Hani R. El Bizri, Marcela A. Oliveira, Aline Pessutti Rampini, Simon Knoop, Julia E. Fa, Lauren Coad, Thais Queiroz Morcatty, Gabriel Favero Massocato, Arnaud L. J. Desbiez, João Vitor Campos-Silva, Daniel Zani La Laina, José Maurício Barbanti Duarte, Rafael Sá Leitão Barboza, Zilca Campos, Marcélia Basto da Silva, Sarah Mângia, Daniel J. Ingram, Juliano A. Bogoni
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在全球范围内,非法体育狩猎如果不受监管,会对猎物种群造成威胁。由于其隐蔽性,非法体育狩猎给数据收集带来了挑战,阻碍了全面了解其影响的工作。我们收集了社交媒体数据,以分析巴西各地非法体育狩猎和野生动物减少的模式。我们在 5 个 Facebook 群组中收集了 2 年(2018-2020 年)的数据,这些群组中的帖子描述了非法体育狩猎本地动物的事件图片。我们描述并绘制了这些狩猎事件的地图,详细描述了参与狩猎的人数、物种数量、个体的平均体重以及单位面积内被猎杀个体的数量和生物量,并按巴西生物群落进行了分层。我们还通过回归模型、秩-丰度曲线和空间插值法,研究了非狩猎化对狩猎产量和构成的影响。我们在巴西所有 27 个州和 6 个自然生物群落中发现了 2046 个非法体育狩猎点,共狩猎了 4658 头动物(29 吨脱脂肉)。在 157 种被猎人作为目标的本地物种中,有 19 种目前濒临灭绝。据估计,1414 名猎人共捕获了 3251 公斤/百万平方公里的野生动物。一些地区的野生动物枯竭现象更为明显,尤其是大西洋森林和卡廷加生物群落。在这些地区,主要目标类群从大型哺乳动物和爬行动物转变为小型鸟类,每次狩猎活动的生物量和所有类群的平均体重均低于其他地区。我们的研究结果突出表明,非法体育狩猎加剧了巴西野生动物种群的生存狩猎和野生肉类贸易压力。需要加强监测工作,以降低非法体育狩猎水平,并制定管理完善的可持续体育狩猎计划。这些计划可以支持野生动物保护,并激励当地社区监督指定的体育狩猎区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Exposing illegal hunting and wildlife depletion in the world's largest tropical country through social media data

Exposing illegal hunting and wildlife depletion in the world's largest tropical country through social media data

Globally, illegal sport hunting can threaten prey populations when unregulated. Due to its covert nature, illegal sport hunting poses challenges for data collection, hindering efforts to understand the full extent of its impacts. We gathered social media data to analyze patterns of illegal sport hunting and wildlife depletion across Brazil. We collected data for 2 years (2018–2020) across 5 Facebook groups containing posts depicting pictures of illegal sport hunting events of native fauna. We described and mapped these hunting events by detailing the number of hunters involved, the number of species, the mean body mass of individuals, and the number and biomass of individuals hunted per unit area, stratified by Brazilian biome. We also examined the effects of defaunation on hunting yield and composition via regression models, rank–abundance curves, and spatial interpolation. We detected 2046 illegal sport hunting posts portraying the hunting of 4658 animals (∼29 t of undressed meat) across all 27 states and 6 natural biomes of Brazil. Of 157 native species targeted by hunters, 19 are currently threatened with extinction. We estimated that 1414 hunters extracted 3251 kg/million km2. Some areas exhibited more pronounced wildlife depletion, in particular the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes. In these areas, there was a shift from large mammals and reptiles to small birds as the main targeted taxa, and biomass extracted per hunting event and mean body mass across all taxonomic groups were lower than in other areas. Our results highlight that illegal sport hunting adds to the pressures of subsistence hunting and the wild meat trade on Brazil's wildlife populations. Enhanced surveillance efforts are needed to reduce illegal sport hunting levels and to develop well-managed sustainable sport hunting programs. These can support wildlife conservation and offer incentives for local communities to oversee designated sport hunting areas.

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来源期刊
Conservation Biology
Conservation Biology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
3.20%
发文量
175
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Conservation Biology welcomes submissions that address the science and practice of conserving Earth's biological diversity. We encourage submissions that emphasize issues germane to any of Earth''s ecosystems or geographic regions and that apply diverse approaches to analyses and problem solving. Nevertheless, manuscripts with relevance to conservation that transcend the particular ecosystem, species, or situation described will be prioritized for publication.
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