海上迷失:海洋生存体验对心理、生理和认知能力的影响 (RAD'LÔ)

IF 2 Q3 PSYCHIATRY
Barbara Le Roy , Charles Martin-Krumm , Charlotte Poupon , Christophe Rouquet , Christophe Trouve , Camille Jego , Louise Giaume , Marion Trousselard
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在极端环境中生存对个体的生理和认知能力提出了很高的要求。这些环境的特点是有特殊的刺激,包括不寻常的感官刺激和不确定性,从而引起强烈的压力。因此,本研究的目的是:i)根据对心理、认知、生理和感觉测量的评估,评估为期五天的海上生存模拟对人类适应能力的影响;ii)评估恢复情况。21 名健康参与者参加了为期 5 天的救生艇或充气筏模拟活动。分别记录了出发前(基线)、实验结束时(后期)和之后一周内(恢复期)的心理、生理、感觉和认知测量结果。我们的结果是明确的。恶劣的环境影响了生物体的大部分反应。在认知层面,表现明显下降。在心理层面上,情绪低落,主观外感知敏锐度下降,睡眠紊乱,精力充沛,感受到的压力减少。在生理方面,自主神经系统的测量结果出现了下降。在感官方面,我们观察到一种过度警觉的状态,对外部环境的刺激非常敏感。运动感觉也深受影响。此外,许多人在康复后并未完全恢复或进一步恶化,尤其是在睡眠、互感能力和感觉失真方面。参与者似乎进入了一种心理冬眠状态,与身体和认知负荷增加以及感觉过度警觉有关。这些结果提出了在未来长期太空任务中可能产生的风险问题,因为宇航员必须将其认知能力保持在较高水平,才能应对环境需求并维持生命。继续探索支持未来航天器乘员适应的对策至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Lost at sea: Impact of an ocean survival experience on psychological, physiological and cognitive abilities (RAD'LÔ)

Survival in an extreme environment places high physiological and cognitive demands on the individual. These environments are characterized by specific stimuli, including unusual sensory stimulation and uncertainty, which induce intense stress. Thus, the aims of this study are: i) to evaluate the impact of a five-day survival at sea simulation on human adaptive capacities, based on the assessment of psychological, cognitive, physiological, and sensorial measures; and ii) to assess recovery. Twenty-one healthy participants were enrolled in a 5-day simulation onboard a lifeboat or an inflatable raft. Psychological, physiological, sensory, and cognitive measurements were recorded before leaving (baseline), at the end of the experiment (post) and during the week that followed (recovery). Our results are unequivocal. The harshness of the environment affected the majority of the organism's responses. On the cognitive level, performance significantly deteriorated. On the psychological level, there was low mood, a decrease in subjective exteroceptive acuity and sleep disorders, increased energy, and less perceived stress. On the physiological level, a decline was recorded with respect to autonomous nervous system measurements. On the sensory level, we observed a state of hypervigilance and hypersensitivity to stimuli from the external environment. Proprioception was deeply impacted. Moreover, at recovery, many individuals did not fully recover or deteriorated further, especially regarding sleep, interoceptive abilities and sensory distortion. It appears that participants entered a state of psychological hibernation, associated with increased physical and cognitive load, and sensory hypervigilance. These results raise the question of the risks that may be incurred during future long-term space missions, as astronauts will have to maintain their cognitive performance at a high level to be able to respond to environmental demands and remain alive. It is essential to continue to explore countermeasures that will support adaptation in future spacecraft crew.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
4.80%
发文量
60
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