社区药房接触艾滋病高危人群的可行性。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.japh.2024.102239

Natalie D. Crawford, Kristin R.V. Harrington, Christina Chandra, Daniel I. Alohan, Alvan Quamina, Omarri Beck, Henry N. Young

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：越来越多的证据表明，在药房整合 HIV 预防服务是可行的，包括 HIV 检测和接触前预防（PrEP）筛查。然而，要确定药房能否有效地帮助那些艾滋病传播风险较高的人群，还需要进一步的工作：我们旨在描述药房客户的 HIV 风险概况以及获得 HIV 预防服务的意愿：这是一项横断面试点研究，旨在为黑人男男性行为者（MSM）开发一种基于药房的文化适宜的 PrEP 服务模式。我们从低收入、服务不足的社区招募了两家药店，并在药店内招募参与者进行筛选和社会行为调查。根据性行为风险、注射吸毒风险或两者兼而有之的 PrEP 资格对个人进行分组，并对人口统计学和意愿测量进行比较：在 460 名药房客户中，有 81 人（17.6%）因性风险或注射吸毒风险而符合 PrEP 条件。大多数人是因为性风险而符合条件（58.0%），而相当一部分人是因为注射吸毒（27.2%）或性风险行为和注射吸毒风险行为相结合而符合条件（42.0%）。在这些符合条件的人中，年龄中位数为 31 岁（IQR=28,32），大多数人在过去 6 个月内有≥1 个女性（75.3%）或男性（96.3%）伴侣。在药房接受免费 HIV 检测的意愿很高（90.1%）。大多数人愿意在药房接受 PrEP 筛查（95.1%），尽管本研究所在的州并不提供这些服务。不同风险群体在接受药房艾滋病预防服务的意愿上没有差异：本研究表明，贫困地区的药店可以通过接触艾滋病高负担人群并提供艾滋病预防服务，在预防和减少艾滋病传播方面发挥关键作用。

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Feasibility of reaching populations at high risk for HIV in community pharmacies

Background

Growing evidence has shown feasibility for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention service integration in pharmacies, including HIV testing and screening for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Yet, further work is needed to determine whether pharmacies can effectively reach those at increased risk of HIV transmission.

Objective

We aimed to describe the HIV risk profiles and willingness to obtain HIV prevention services from a sample of pharmacy clients.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional pilot study aimed to develop a culturally appropriate pharmacy-based PrEP delivery model among Black men who have sex with men. Two pharmacies were recruited from low-income, underserved communities and participants were recruited within pharmacies for screener and social and behavioral surveys. Individuals were grouped by PrEP eligibility due to sexual risk, injection drug use risk, or both, and demographic and willingness measures were compared.

Results

Among 460 pharmacy clients, 81 (17.6%) would have been eligible for PrEP due to sex or injection drug use risk. Most were eligible due to sexual risk (58.0%), while a substantial proportion were eligible due to injection drug use (27.2%) or a combination of sexual and injection drug use risk behaviors (42.0%). Of these eligible, the median age was 31 years (interquartile range = 28.32) and most had ≥1 female (75.3%) or male (96.3%) partner in the past 6 months. There was high willingness to receive a free HIV test in a pharmacy (90.1%). Most were willing to screen for PrEP in a pharmacy (95.1%) despite these services not being available in the state where this study was performed. There were no differences in willingness to obtain pharmacy-based HIV prevention services across risk groups.

Conclusion

This study shows that pharmacies in disadvantaged areas can serve a key role in preventing and decreasing the transmission of HIV by reaching populations with high HIV burden and providing HIV prevention services.

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来源期刊

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 医学-药学

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

14.30%

发文量

336

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of the American Pharmacists Association is the official peer-reviewed journal of the American Pharmacists Association (APhA), providing information on pharmaceutical care, drug therapy, diseases and other health issues, trends in pharmacy practice and therapeutics, informed opinion, and original research. JAPhA publishes original research, reviews, experiences, and opinion articles that link science to contemporary pharmacy practice to improve patient care.