Handgrip strength: A simple and effective tool to recognize decreased intrinsic capacity in Chinese older adults

Objectives

Intrinsic capacity impairment results in poor outcomes among older adults. Here we tested handgrip strength as a screening tool for IC impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Xinjiang, China. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy and established optimal cut-off points for handgrip strength in the detection of intrinsic capacity impairment.

Methods

In total, 1072 participants were included using a multilevel random sampling method. Intrinsic capacity was constructed according to the definition of the Integrated Care for Older People screening tool proposed by the WHO.

Results

Altogether, 73.4 % (787/1072) participants had intrinsic capacity impairment. The prevalence of intrinsic capacity impairment for hearing, vision, mobility, cognition, psychological, and vitality domains was 8.6 %, 4.8 %, 39.6 %, 47.3 %, 12.0 %, and 18.8 %, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios [95 % confidence interval) for handgrip strength was 0.935 [0.914–0.956]. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve for handgrip strength of older men, and handgrip strength of older women with intrinsic capacity impairment were 0.7278, and 0.7534, respectively. The handgrip strength cut-off points were 28.47 kg (60–69 years), 25.76 kg (70–79 years), and 24.45 kg (≥80 years) for men, and 20.75 kg (60–69 years), 19.90 kg (70–79 years), and 16.17 kg (≥80 years) for women.

Conclusions

Handgrip strength can be used as a convenient tool for evaluating intrinsic capacity. Weak handgrip strength and low education level were associated with intrinsic capacity impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Xinjiang. Using the cut-off points of handgrip strength for different age groups and genders, older adults with impaired intrinsic capacity can be identified, which may reduce the occurrence of adverse outcomes.