Kristin C Delea, Tai-Ho Chen, Kayla Lavilla, Yonette Hercules, Shannon Gearhart, Leigh Ellyn Preston, Christine M Hughes, Faisal S Minhaj, Michelle A Waltenburg, Brittany Sunshine, Agam K Rao, Andrea M McCollum, Kara Adams, Miguel Ocaña, Olubunmi Akinkugbe, Clive Brown, Francisco Alvarado-Ramy
{"title":"2021 年 7 月至 2022 年 8 月,美国,与航空旅行有关的麻风杆菌第二支系病例的接触追踪。","authors":"Kristin C Delea, Tai-Ho Chen, Kayla Lavilla, Yonette Hercules, Shannon Gearhart, Leigh Ellyn Preston, Christine M Hughes, Faisal S Minhaj, Michelle A Waltenburg, Brittany Sunshine, Agam K Rao, Andrea M McCollum, Kara Adams, Miguel Ocaña, Olubunmi Akinkugbe, Clive Brown, Francisco Alvarado-Ramy","doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7335a1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monkeypox virus (MPXV) can spread among humans through direct contact with lesions, scabs, or saliva; via respiratory secretions; and indirectly from fomites; via percutaneous injuries; and by crossing the placenta to the fetus during pregnancy. Since 2022, most patients with mpox in the United States have experienced painful skin lesions, and some have had severe illness. During 2021-2022, CDC initiated aircraft contact investigations after receiving reports of travelers on commercial flights with probable or confirmed mpox during their infectious period. Data were collected 1) during 2021, when two isolated clade II mpox cases not linked to an outbreak were imported into the United States by international travelers and 2) for flights arriving in or traveling within the United States during April 30-August 2, 2022, after a global clade II mpox outbreak was detected in May 2022. A total of 113 persons (100 passengers and 13 crew members) traveled on 221 flights while they were infectious with mpox. CDC developed definitions for aircraft contacts based on proximity to mpox cases and flight duration, sent information about these contacts to U.S. health departments, and received outcome information for 1,046 (68%) of 1,538 contacts. No traveler was found to have acquired mpox via a U.S. flight exposure. For persons with mpox and their contacts who had departed from the United States, CDC forwarded contact information as well as details about the exposure event to destination countries to facilitate their own public health investigations. Findings from these aircraft contact investigations suggest that traveling on a flight with a person with mpox does not appear to constitute an exposure risk or warrant routine contact tracing activities. Nonetheless, CDC recommends that persons with mpox isolate and delay travel until they are no longer infectious.</p>","PeriodicalId":18637,"journal":{"name":"MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":25.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376505/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Contact Tracing for Mpox Clade II Cases Associated with Air Travel - United States, July 2021-August 2022.\",\"authors\":\"Kristin C Delea, Tai-Ho Chen, Kayla Lavilla, Yonette Hercules, Shannon Gearhart, Leigh Ellyn Preston, Christine M Hughes, Faisal S Minhaj, Michelle A Waltenburg, Brittany Sunshine, Agam K Rao, Andrea M McCollum, Kara Adams, Miguel Ocaña, Olubunmi Akinkugbe, Clive Brown, Francisco Alvarado-Ramy\",\"doi\":\"10.15585/mmwr.mm7335a1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Monkeypox virus (MPXV) can spread among humans through direct contact with lesions, scabs, or saliva; via respiratory secretions; and indirectly from fomites; via percutaneous injuries; and by crossing the placenta to the fetus during pregnancy. Since 2022, most patients with mpox in the United States have experienced painful skin lesions, and some have had severe illness. During 2021-2022, CDC initiated aircraft contact investigations after receiving reports of travelers on commercial flights with probable or confirmed mpox during their infectious period. Data were collected 1) during 2021, when two isolated clade II mpox cases not linked to an outbreak were imported into the United States by international travelers and 2) for flights arriving in or traveling within the United States during April 30-August 2, 2022, after a global clade II mpox outbreak was detected in May 2022. A total of 113 persons (100 passengers and 13 crew members) traveled on 221 flights while they were infectious with mpox. 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Contact Tracing for Mpox Clade II Cases Associated with Air Travel - United States, July 2021-August 2022.
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) can spread among humans through direct contact with lesions, scabs, or saliva; via respiratory secretions; and indirectly from fomites; via percutaneous injuries; and by crossing the placenta to the fetus during pregnancy. Since 2022, most patients with mpox in the United States have experienced painful skin lesions, and some have had severe illness. During 2021-2022, CDC initiated aircraft contact investigations after receiving reports of travelers on commercial flights with probable or confirmed mpox during their infectious period. Data were collected 1) during 2021, when two isolated clade II mpox cases not linked to an outbreak were imported into the United States by international travelers and 2) for flights arriving in or traveling within the United States during April 30-August 2, 2022, after a global clade II mpox outbreak was detected in May 2022. A total of 113 persons (100 passengers and 13 crew members) traveled on 221 flights while they were infectious with mpox. CDC developed definitions for aircraft contacts based on proximity to mpox cases and flight duration, sent information about these contacts to U.S. health departments, and received outcome information for 1,046 (68%) of 1,538 contacts. No traveler was found to have acquired mpox via a U.S. flight exposure. For persons with mpox and their contacts who had departed from the United States, CDC forwarded contact information as well as details about the exposure event to destination countries to facilitate their own public health investigations. Findings from these aircraft contact investigations suggest that traveling on a flight with a person with mpox does not appear to constitute an exposure risk or warrant routine contact tracing activities. Nonetheless, CDC recommends that persons with mpox isolate and delay travel until they are no longer infectious.
期刊介绍:
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR ) series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Often called “the voice of CDC,” the MMWR series is the agency’s primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations.
MMWR readership predominantly consists of physicians, nurses, public health practitioners, epidemiologists and other scientists, researchers, educators, and laboratorians.