饮食失调症:病因、风险因素和预防建议。

IF 7.5 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000965
Anna Keski-Rahkonen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

审查目的:饮食失调症的发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。这篇叙述性综述概述了 2022-2024 年间发表的有关饮食失调症病因和风险因素的研究:饮食失调源于一系列复杂的风险因素。近期饮食失调发病率的上升与一些根本原因有关,其中包括社会文化迫使人们去迎合不切实际的、性别化的身体理想,肥胖环境的增加,以及 COVID-19 在全球的流行。最近的研究表明,屏幕时间和社交媒体加剧了社会文化压力,要求人们以某种方式示人。个人特有的风险因素也会增加饮食失调症发病的可能性。这些因素包括运动、压力和创伤性生活事件、家庭因素和心理因素,包括厌恶敏感性、厌恶体验、自卑、完美主义、神经质、强迫和冲动特征以及情绪失调。已有的精神健康状况,尤其是焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍,以及神经发育状况,如自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍,也与进食障碍风险的增加有关。小结:饮食失调症的风险因素已经得到证实。总结:饮食失调症的风险因素已得到证实,今后的研究应侧重于提高复原力和预防性干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Eating disorders: etiology, risk factors, and suggestions for prevention.

Purpose of review: The incidence of eating disorders has increased worldwide. This narrative review gives an overview of research on etiology and risk factors of eating disorders published in 2022-2024.

Recent findings: Eating disorders arise from a complex set of risk factors. The recent increase in incidence of eating disorders can be linked to root causes that include sociocultural pressure to conform to unrealistic and gendered body ideals, rise in obesogenic environments, and the global COVID-19 pandemic. Recent studies have shown that screen time and social media intensify sociocultural pressure to look a certain way. Individual-specific risk factors also increase the likelihood of onset of eating disorders. These include sports, stressful and traumatic life events, family factors, and psychological factors, including disgust sensitivity, aversive experiences, low self-esteem, perfectionism, neuroticism, obsessive-compulsive and impulsive features, and emotional dysregulation. Preexisting mental health conditions, particularly anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder, and neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism and attention-deficit hyperactive disorder, are also associated with increased eating disorder risk. Genetic and biological factors contribute both to risk and resiliency.

Summary: The risk factors of eating disorders are well established. Future studies should focus on increasing resilience and preventive interventions.

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来源期刊
Current Opinion in Psychiatry
Current Opinion in Psychiatry 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
12.20
自引率
1.40%
发文量
76
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Psychiatry is an easy-to-digest bimonthly journal covering the most interesting and important advances in the field of psychiatry. Eight sections on mental health disorders including schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental disorders and eating disorders, are presented alongside five area-specific sections, offering an expert evaluation on the most exciting developments in the field.
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