Synthesis and electric field response of titanium dioxide nano-particles dispersed in hydrophobic solvents†

We present a novel synthesis method for producing stable titanium dioxide nanoparticles (<10 nm) dispersed in hydrophobic solvents using organophosphates. Our approach enables the control of nanoparticles' electric field responsiveness by altering the dispersing medium's composition, expanding their potential applications in electronics, photovoltaics, and photocatalysis.