影响气水两相细砂介质连续浸泡过程中残余空气饱和度的因素 - 实验室规模的实验研究

IF 3.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Weile Huang , Yan Li , Yijin Du , Xinya He , Chengfeng Li , Jingya Xi , Yihang Yang , Xiaoyi Wu , Weiliang Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

残余空气饱和度在模拟地下水水文过程以及污染物在地下环境中的迁移和分布方面起着至关重要的作用。然而,介质性质、位移历史和水动力条件等因素对残余空气饱和度的影响在不同位移情况下并不一致。我们在类似于自然地下环境的水力条件下,在砂包柱中进行了连续的排水-浸润循环,以研究润湿流速、初始流体状态和浸润轮数(NIR)对残余空气饱和度的影响。结果表明,残余空气饱和度在整个浸润过程中都会发生变化,变化分为三个不同的阶段,即不稳定残余空气饱和度(Sgr-u)、瞬间残余空气饱和度(Sgr-m)和稳定残余空气饱和度(Sgr)。结果还表明,从 Sgr-u 到 Sgr 的过渡是由水压和梯度的变化驱动的;计算值遵循以下趋势:Sgr > Sgr-u > Sgr-m。毛细管数从 1.46 × 10-7 到 3.07 × 10-6,毛细管数的增加在某些色谱柱中增加了 Sgr-u 和 Sgr-m。在所有实验柱中,Sgr 的增加幅度从 0.034 到 0.117 不等;这种一致的增加可以解释为在注水过程中,水膜在主润湿前沿扩张,同时水力梯度增强。砂粒表面的预覆盖水膜和高达 4.42 的孔喉纵横比被认为是浸润过程中观察到的残余空气饱和度增加的重要因素。初始空气饱和度(Sai)对所有三种类型的残余空气饱和度都有积极影响,而初始毛细管压力(Pci)对残余空气饱和度有更明显的抑制作用,因为它可以部分描述不同干燥流速下产生的气相的初始连通性。在相同的润湿流速条件下,由于初始流体状态的变化(涉及流体分布和孔隙水中溶解空气的浓度),第二次浸泡时的 Sgr 比第一次浸泡时高。相比之下,近红外对三种残余空气饱和度的影响并不明显。这项工作旨在为地下水环境中非湿润相的捕获提供经验证据和进一步的见解,并为今后研究地下环境中涉及多相界面相互作用的污染物滞留和迁移问题提出一些潜在的建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Factors influencing residual air saturation during consecutive imbibition processes in an air-water two-phase fine sandy medium – A laboratory-scale experimental study

Factors influencing residual air saturation during consecutive imbibition processes in an air-water two-phase fine sandy medium – A laboratory-scale experimental study

The residual air saturation plays a crucial role in modeling hydrological processes of groundwater and the migration and distribution of contaminants in subsurface environments. However, the influence of factors such as media properties, displacement history, and hydrodynamic conditions on the residual air saturation is not consistent across different displacement scenarios. We conducted consecutive drainage-imbibition cycles in sand-packed columns under hydraulic conditions resembling natural subsurface environments, to investigate the impact of wetting flow rate, initial fluid state, and number of imbibition rounds (NIR) on residual air saturation. The results indicate that residual air saturation changes throughout the imbibition process, with variations separated into three distinct stages, namely, unstable residual air saturation (Sgr-u), momentary residual air saturation (Sgr-m), and stable residual air saturation (Sgr). The results also suggest that the transition from Sgr-u to Sgr is driven by changes in hydraulic pressure and gradient; the calculated values followed the following trend: Sgr > Sgr-u > Sgr-m. An increase in capillary number, which ranged from 1.46 × 10−7 to 3.07 × 10−6, increased Sgr-u and Sgr-m in some columns. The increase in Sgr ranged from 0.034 to 0.117 across all the experimental columns; this consistent increase can be explained by water film expansion at the primary wetting front along with a strengthening of the hydraulic gradient during water injection. Both the pre-covered water film on the sand grain surface and a pore-to-throat aspect ratio of up to 4.42 were identified as important factors for the increased residual air saturation observed during the imbibition process. Initial air saturation (Sai) positively influenced all three types of residual air saturation, while initial capillary pressure (Pci) exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect on residual air saturation, as it can partly characterized the initial connectivity of the air phase generated under different drying flow rates. Under identical wetting flow rate conditions, Sgr was higher during the second imbibition than during the first imbibition due to variations in initial fluid state, involving both fluid distribution and the concentration of dissolved air in the pore water. In contrast, NIR did not have an obvious effect on the three types of residual air saturation. This work aims to provide empirical evidences and offer further insights into the capture of non-wetting phases in groundwater environments, as well as to put forward some potential suggestion for future investigations on the retention and migration of contaminants that involves multiphase interface interactions in subsurface environments.

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来源期刊
Journal of contaminant hydrology
Journal of contaminant hydrology 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
2.80%
发文量
129
审稿时长
68 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is an international journal publishing scientific articles pertaining to the contamination of subsurface water resources. Emphasis is placed on investigations of the physical, chemical, and biological processes influencing the behavior and fate of organic and inorganic contaminants in the unsaturated (vadose) and saturated (groundwater) zones, as well as at groundwater-surface water interfaces. The ecological impacts of contaminants transported both from and to aquifers are of interest. Articles on contamination of surface water only, without a link to groundwater, are out of the scope. Broad latitude is allowed in identifying contaminants of interest, and include legacy and emerging pollutants, nutrients, nanoparticles, pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, protozoa), microplastics, and various constituents associated with energy production (e.g., methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide). The journal''s scope embraces a wide range of topics including: experimental investigations of contaminant sorption, diffusion, transformation, volatilization and transport in the surface and subsurface; characterization of soil and aquifer properties only as they influence contaminant behavior; development and testing of mathematical models of contaminant behaviour; innovative techniques for restoration of contaminated sites; development of new tools or techniques for monitoring the extent of soil and groundwater contamination; transformation of contaminants in the hyporheic zone; effects of contaminants traversing the hyporheic zone on surface water and groundwater ecosystems; subsurface carbon sequestration and/or turnover; and migration of fluids associated with energy production into groundwater.
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