奶牛泌乳期延长及其对繁殖力和产量的影响。

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Ariette T M van Knegsel, Eline E A Burgers, Anna Edvardsson Rasmussen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

延长泌乳期可减少奶牛关键产犊期的频率,从而降低健康问题风险增加的频率。此外,配种会推迟到泌乳后期,这与大多数研究中的受孕率提高和配种期开始后开产天数减少有关。延长泌乳期的潜在风险是,泌乳期结束时奶牛的产奶量可能过低,这可能导致奶牛在延长的泌乳期结束时体质过弱。因此,延长泌乳期不一定适合每头奶牛。奶牛的个体特征,如奇数、产奶量水平或体况,决定了奶牛对延长泌乳期的反应。这些奶牛个体特征可用于定制管理策略,以优化奶牛的泌乳期。为每头奶牛量身定制的泌乳期长度可限制牛奶损失和过度调教等不利因素对牛群的影响,并保持改善奶牛健康和繁殖力、减少多余犊牛数量和提高牧场主工作满意度等益处。总之,延长泌乳期对高产奶牛的健康和繁殖力具有重要意义,但延长泌乳期奶牛的泌乳持续性管理方法以及对犊牛健康和发育的影响仍存在问题。此外,正在进行的研究旨在开发决策支持工具,以选择适合特定泌乳期的奶牛。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Extended lactations in dairy cows and the effects on fertility and production.

Extending lactation length reduces the frequency of critical calving events for the cow and herewith reduces the frequency of periods with increased risk for health problems. Moreover, breeding is postponed until a moment later in lactation, which is associated with better conception rates and less days open after start of the breeding period in most studies. Potential risks of an extended lactation are that milk yield of cows at the end of the lactation may be too low which may lead to cows being overconditioned at the end of the extended lactation. Therefore, extending lactation length might not fit every cow. Individual cow characteristics like parity, milk yield level, or body condition determine the response of the cow to an extended lactation. These individual cow characteristics can be used in customized management strategies to optimize lactation length for individual cows. Customized lactation length for individual cows could limit the impact at herd level of disadvantages concerning milk losses and overconditioning and maintain benefits for improved cow health and fertility, reduced number of surplus calves and increased work satisfaction for the farmer. In conclusion, extending lactation length has interesting perspectives for health and fertility of high-producing dairy cows, although questions remain concerning management approaches to support lactation persistency of cows with an extended lactation, and consequences for calf health and development. Moreover, ongoing studies aim to develop decision support tools to select individual cows for a specific lactation length.

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来源期刊
Reproduction in Domestic Animals
Reproduction in Domestic Animals 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
5.90%
发文量
238
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal offers comprehensive information concerning physiology, pathology, and biotechnology of reproduction. Topical results are currently published in original papers, reviews, and short communications with particular attention to investigations on practicable techniques. Carefully selected reports, e. g. on embryo transfer and associated biotechnologies, gene transfer, and spermatology provide a link between basic research and clinical application. The journal applies to breeders, veterinarians, and biologists, and is also of interest in human medicine. Interdisciplinary cooperation is documented in the proceedings of the joint annual meetings. Fields of interest: Animal reproduction and biotechnology with special regard to investigations on applied and clinical research.
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