Darshan Mehta, Tianyu Sun, Jane Wang, Aaron Situ, Yoonyoung Park
{"title":"联合接种流感疫苗和 COVID-19 疫苗与仅接种流感疫苗在医疗资源使用和成本方面的比较。","authors":"Darshan Mehta, Tianyu Sun, Jane Wang, Aaron Situ, Yoonyoung Park","doi":"10.1080/13696998.2024.2400852","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and all-cause medical costs among individuals aged ≥50 years who received influenza and COVID-19 vaccines on the same day and those who received influenza vaccine only.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study leveraging Optum's de-identified Clinformatics DataMart from 8/31/2021 to 7/31/2023. Individuals aged ≥50 years continuously enrolled in health plans for 1 year prior and until 7/31/2023 were included. Two cohorts were formed based on vaccination status between 8/31/2022 and 1/31/2023: co-administered influenza and COVID-19 vaccines (co-admin cohort) and influenza vaccine only (influenza cohort). Associations between vaccination status and all-cause, influenza-related, COVID-related, pneumonia-related, and cardiorespiratory-related hospitalization, outpatient or emergency room visits and all-cause medical costs were estimated by weighted generalized linear models, adjusting for confounding by stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>613,156 (mean age: 71) and 1,340,011 (mean age: 72) individuals were included in the co-admin and influenza cohorts, respectively. After weighting, the baseline characteristics were balanced between cohorts. The co-admin cohort was at statistically significant lower risk of all-cause (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.96), COVID-19-related (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.56-0.63), cardiorespiratory-related (RR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.93-0.96) and pneumonia-related (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90) hospitalization but not influenza-related hospitalizations (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.04) compared with the influenza cohort. Co-administration was associated with 3% lower all-cause medical cost (cost ratio: 0.974, 95% CI: 0.968, 0.979) during the follow-up period compared to receiving influenza vaccine only.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Limitations include the potential residual confounding bias in observational data, measurement errors from claims data, and that the cohort was followed for a single season.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Receiving co-administered COVID-19 and influenza vaccines versus only receiving influenza vaccination reduced the risk of HCRU, especially COVID-19-related hospitalization and all-cause medical costs. Increasing vaccine coverage, particularly for COVID-19, might have public health and economic benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":16229,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Economics","volume":" ","pages":"1190-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comparison of healthcare resource use and cost between influenza and COVID-19 vaccine coadministration and influenza vaccination only.\",\"authors\":\"Darshan Mehta, Tianyu Sun, Jane Wang, Aaron Situ, Yoonyoung Park\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/13696998.2024.2400852\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and all-cause medical costs among individuals aged ≥50 years who received influenza and COVID-19 vaccines on the same day and those who received influenza vaccine only.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study leveraging Optum's de-identified Clinformatics DataMart from 8/31/2021 to 7/31/2023. Individuals aged ≥50 years continuously enrolled in health plans for 1 year prior and until 7/31/2023 were included. Two cohorts were formed based on vaccination status between 8/31/2022 and 1/31/2023: co-administered influenza and COVID-19 vaccines (co-admin cohort) and influenza vaccine only (influenza cohort). Associations between vaccination status and all-cause, influenza-related, COVID-related, pneumonia-related, and cardiorespiratory-related hospitalization, outpatient or emergency room visits and all-cause medical costs were estimated by weighted generalized linear models, adjusting for confounding by stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>613,156 (mean age: 71) and 1,340,011 (mean age: 72) individuals were included in the co-admin and influenza cohorts, respectively. After weighting, the baseline characteristics were balanced between cohorts. The co-admin cohort was at statistically significant lower risk of all-cause (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.96), COVID-19-related (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.56-0.63), cardiorespiratory-related (RR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.93-0.96) and pneumonia-related (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90) hospitalization but not influenza-related hospitalizations (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.04) compared with the influenza cohort. Co-administration was associated with 3% lower all-cause medical cost (cost ratio: 0.974, 95% CI: 0.968, 0.979) during the follow-up period compared to receiving influenza vaccine only.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Limitations include the potential residual confounding bias in observational data, measurement errors from claims data, and that the cohort was followed for a single season.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Receiving co-administered COVID-19 and influenza vaccines versus only receiving influenza vaccination reduced the risk of HCRU, especially COVID-19-related hospitalization and all-cause medical costs. Increasing vaccine coverage, particularly for COVID-19, might have public health and economic benefits.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16229,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Medical Economics\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1190-1196\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Medical Economics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/13696998.2024.2400852\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/9/20 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Medical Economics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13696998.2024.2400852","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/9/20 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparison of healthcare resource use and cost between influenza and COVID-19 vaccine coadministration and influenza vaccination only.
Objective: To compare healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and all-cause medical costs among individuals aged ≥50 years who received influenza and COVID-19 vaccines on the same day and those who received influenza vaccine only.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study leveraging Optum's de-identified Clinformatics DataMart from 8/31/2021 to 7/31/2023. Individuals aged ≥50 years continuously enrolled in health plans for 1 year prior and until 7/31/2023 were included. Two cohorts were formed based on vaccination status between 8/31/2022 and 1/31/2023: co-administered influenza and COVID-19 vaccines (co-admin cohort) and influenza vaccine only (influenza cohort). Associations between vaccination status and all-cause, influenza-related, COVID-related, pneumonia-related, and cardiorespiratory-related hospitalization, outpatient or emergency room visits and all-cause medical costs were estimated by weighted generalized linear models, adjusting for confounding by stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting.
Results: 613,156 (mean age: 71) and 1,340,011 (mean age: 72) individuals were included in the co-admin and influenza cohorts, respectively. After weighting, the baseline characteristics were balanced between cohorts. The co-admin cohort was at statistically significant lower risk of all-cause (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.96), COVID-19-related (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.56-0.63), cardiorespiratory-related (RR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.93-0.96) and pneumonia-related (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90) hospitalization but not influenza-related hospitalizations (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.04) compared with the influenza cohort. Co-administration was associated with 3% lower all-cause medical cost (cost ratio: 0.974, 95% CI: 0.968, 0.979) during the follow-up period compared to receiving influenza vaccine only.
Limitations: Limitations include the potential residual confounding bias in observational data, measurement errors from claims data, and that the cohort was followed for a single season.
Conclusion: Receiving co-administered COVID-19 and influenza vaccines versus only receiving influenza vaccination reduced the risk of HCRU, especially COVID-19-related hospitalization and all-cause medical costs. Increasing vaccine coverage, particularly for COVID-19, might have public health and economic benefits.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Medical Economics'' mission is to provide ethical, unbiased and rapid publication of quality content that is validated by rigorous peer review. The aim of Journal of Medical Economics is to serve the information needs of the pharmacoeconomics and healthcare research community, to help translate research advances into patient care and be a leader in transparency/disclosure by facilitating a collaborative and honest approach to publication.
Journal of Medical Economics publishes high-quality economic assessments of novel therapeutic and device interventions for an international audience