亲属认知与交流:关于家庭的谈话、手势和绘画能告诉我们关于这一核心社会结构的思考方式。

IF 2.3 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Simon Devylder, Jennifer Hinnel, Joost van de Weier, Linea Brink Andersen, Lucie Laporte-Devylder, Heron Ken Tomaki Kulukul
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当人们谈论亲属关系系统时,他们通常会使用共同言语手势和其他表征来进行阐述。本文研究了这种对亲属关系的多语种(口语、手势和图画)描述,看看它们是否显示出捕捉特定社会结构的反复出现的常规化模式。我们对一个认知科学领域鲜为人知的民族语言群体--瓦努阿图的帕阿米人--进行了一项探索性假设研究。在半引导式亲属关系访谈中,40 位讲帕姆语的人被要求谈论他们的家庭。对这些访谈中产生的语言、手势和图画的分析表明,在说话者的手势空间中,线性(即母亲一方与父亲一方)是横向的。换句话说,当说话者的母系亲属被提及时,他们会被放在说话者身体的左侧,而父系亲属则会被放在说话者身体的右侧。此外,我们还发现,在对婚姻关系进行口头描述时,帕姆参与者在矢状轴的两个对角线方向上做出手势的频率明显更高。我们发现,这些对角线也出现在受试者在地上画的几幅图中,这些图是受试者用绘画来增强他们对婚姻习俗的口头描述。我们将这种行为解释为一种空间模板的证据,帕姆塞语使用者在思考和交流家庭关系时会激活这种模板。因此,我们认为,将对亲属关系结构的研究扩展到亲属关系术语之外,可以揭示形成亲属关系认知和交流的其他关键因素,从而为社会结构的多样性提供进一步的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Kin Cognition and Communication: What Talking, Gesturing, and Drawing About Family Can Tell us About the Way We Think About This Core Social Structure

Kin Cognition and Communication: What Talking, Gesturing, and Drawing About Family Can Tell us About the Way We Think About This Core Social Structure

When people talk about kinship systems, they often use co-speech gestures and other representations to elaborate. This paper investigates such polysemiotic (spoken, gestured, and drawn) descriptions of kinship relations, to see if they display recurring patterns of conventionalization that capture specific social structures. We present an exploratory hypothesis-generating study of descriptions produced by a lesser-known ethnolinguistic community to the cognitive sciences: the Paamese people of Vanuatu. Forty Paamese speakers were asked to talk about their family in semi-guided kinship interviews. Analyses of the speech, gesture, and drawings produced during these interviews revealed that lineality (i.e., mother's side vs. father's side) is lateralized in the speaker's gesture space. In other words, kinship members of the speaker's matriline are placed on the left side of the speaker's body and those of the patriline are placed on their right side, when they are mentioned in speech. Moreover, we find that the gesture produced by Paamese participants during verbal descriptions of marital relations are performed significantly more often on two diagonal directions of the sagittal axis. We show that these diagonals are also found in the few diagrams that participants drew on the ground to augment their verbo-gestural descriptions of marriage practices with drawing. We interpret this behavior as evidence of a spatial template, which Paamese speakers activate to think and communicate about family relations. We therefore argue that extending investigations of kinship structures beyond kinship terminologies alone can unveil additional key factors that shape kinship cognition and communication and hereby provide further insights into the diversity of social structures.

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来源期刊
Cognitive Science
Cognitive Science PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
8.00%
发文量
139
期刊介绍: Cognitive Science publishes articles in all areas of cognitive science, covering such topics as knowledge representation, inference, memory processes, learning, problem solving, planning, perception, natural language understanding, connectionism, brain theory, motor control, intentional systems, and other areas of interdisciplinary concern. Highest priority is given to research reports that are specifically written for a multidisciplinary audience. The audience is primarily researchers in cognitive science and its associated fields, including anthropologists, education researchers, psychologists, philosophers, linguists, computer scientists, neuroscientists, and roboticists.
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