脑耐力训练可提高疲劳职业足球运动员的足球专项技术技能和认知能力。

IF 3 2区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jsams.2024.08.203

Walter Staiano , Jesús Díaz-García , Tomás García-Calvo , Christopher Ring

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标：脑耐力训练（Brain Endurance Training，BET）--在标准体能训练的基础上增加脑疲劳认知任务--可以提高足球运动的成绩。我们测试了在体能训练活动中夹杂认知任务的 BET 与单独的体能训练相比，是否能提高球员在新鲜和疲劳状态下的认知能力和足球专项技术表现：方法：31 名职业男子足球运动员被随机分配到 BET 组或对照组，在 6 周内完成 18 次体能训练。在体能训练活动之间，BET 组完成要求较高的认知任务，而对照组则休息。在完成 30 分钟的 Stroop 任务前后，球员们分别完成了拉夫堡足球传球（LSPT）和射门测试（LSST）。在测试和训练期间，还测量了简短的精神运动警觉性测试（PVT-B）、精神疲劳视觉模拟评分（MF-VAS）和体力消耗评分（RPE）：结果：在测试期间，30 分钟的 Stroop 任务会引起 MF 状态，并通过较高的主观评分（P 结论）证实了这一点：在提高职业足球运动员疲劳时的认知能力和足球专项技术表现方面，混合 BET 比单独的体能训练更有效。

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Brain endurance training improves soccer-specific technical skills and cognitive performance in fatigued professional soccer players

Objectives

Brain Endurance Training (BET) — the addition of mentally fatiguing cognitive tasks to standard physical training — could improve performance in soccer. We tested whether BET, with cognitive tasks intermixed with physical training activities, improved players' cognitive and soccer-specific technical performance compared to physical training alone when fresh and fatigued.

Design

The study employed a pre/training/midtest/training/posttest design.

Methods

31 professional male soccer players were randomly assigned to BET or control groups and completed 18 physical training sessions over 6 weeks. In between the physical training activities, the BET group completed demanding cognitive tasks, whereas the control group rested. Players completed the Loughborough soccer passing (LSPT) and shooting test (LSST) before and after completing a 30-min Stroop task. A brief psychomotor vigilance test (PVT-B), a visual analog rating of mental fatigue (MF-VAS), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured during testing and training.

Results

During testing, the 30-min Stroop task elicited a state of MF, confirmed by higher subjective ratings (P < .01). Compared to pre-testing, at mid- and post-testing, the BET group improved passing (all P < .01), shooting (all P < .01), and PVT-B performance (all P < .01) when tested after (fatigued) but not before (fresh) the Stroop task, whereas the control group did not change performance either way. During training the BET group reported higher MF (P < .01) and exhibited slower PVT-B responses (P < .01) compared to control.

Conclusions

Intermixed BET was more effective than physical training alone at improving cognitive and soccer-specific technical performance of professional soccer players when fatigued.

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来源期刊

Journal of science and medicine in sport 医学-运动科学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

10.00%

发文量

198

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport is the official journal of Sports Medicine Australia (SMA) and is an an international refereed research publication covering all aspects of sport science and medicine. The Journal considers for publication Original research and Review papers in the sub-disciplines relating generally to the broad sports medicine and sports science fields: sports medicine, sports injury (including injury epidemiology and injury prevention), physiotherapy, podiatry, physical activity and health, sports science, biomechanics, exercise physiology, motor control and learning, sport and exercise psychology, sports nutrition, public health (as relevant to sport and exercise), and rehabilitation and injury management. Manuscripts with an interdisciplinary perspective with specific applications to sport and exercise and its interaction with health will also be considered.