护肤品中邻苯二甲酸盐和邻苯二甲酸盐替代品对儿童的影响:ECHO-FGS。

IF 10.1 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Environmental Health Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI:10.1289/EHP13937
Michael S Bloom, Juliana M Clark, John L Pearce, Pamela L Ferguson, Roger B Newman, James R Roberts, William A Grobman, Anthony C Sciscione, Daniel W Skupski, Kelly Garcia, John E Vena, Kelly J Hunt
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:邻苯二甲酸盐及其替代品被认为是发育毒物。幼儿在使用护肤品(SCP)时可能会接触到邻苯二甲酸盐/替代品:我们的目的是评估使用护肤品和儿童尿液中邻苯二甲酸盐/替代品代谢物浓度之间的关联:环境对儿童健康结果的影响-胎儿生长研究(ECHO-FGS)队列中的儿童(4-8岁)提供了2017年至2019年的点滴尿样,母亲被询问了儿童在过去24小时内使用SCP的情况(n=906)。通过液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了尿液中 16 种邻苯二甲酸酯/替代代谢物的浓度(n=630)。我们使用线性回归法估算了儿童使用不同 SCP 的情况,将其作为尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯/替代代谢物的个体预测因素,并对尿比重、年龄、出生时性别、体重指数、自我报告的种族/民族身份、母亲教育程度和标本采集季节进行了调整。我们绘制了自组织图(SOM),将儿童分为 "暴露特征 "组,以反映已发现的多种 SCP 的使用模式:结果:儿童经常使用乳液(43.0%),但不经常使用 "二合一 "护发产品(7.5%)、防晒霜(5.9%)和精油(4.3%)。使用乳液会导致邻苯二甲酸单苄酯含量增加 1.17 倍[95% 置信区间(CI):1.00, 1.34],使用精油会导致邻苯二甲酸单乙酯含量增加 2.86 倍[95% 置信区间(CI):1.89, 4.31]。邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(MEP)高出 2.86 倍(95% CI:1.89, 4.31),邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(MBP)高出 1.43 倍(95% CI:1.09, 1.90),低分子量邻苯二甲酸盐(LMW)高出 1.40 倍(95% CI:1.22, 1.61)。使用二合一护发产品与邻苯二甲酸单(3-羧丙基)酯(MCPP)和甲基溴(MBP)含量分别低 0.84 倍(95% CI:0.72,0.97)和 0.78 倍(95% CI:0.62,0.98)有关。儿童的种族/民族身份改变了乳液与 LMW、油脂与 MEP 和 LMW、防晒霜与 MCPP、软膏与 MEP 以及护发素与 MCPP 的关联。SOM 在我们的人群中发现了四种不同的 SCP 使用暴露情景(即在我们的人群中,预测邻苯二甲酸单-羧基异壬酯的暴露量要高出 1.09 倍(95% CI:1.03, 1.15),邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基壬酯的暴露量要高出 1.31 倍(95% CI:0.98, 1.77),邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基壬酯的暴露量要高出 1.08 倍(95% CI:0.01, 0.01)。邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基-5-羟基己酯高 1.13 倍(95% CI:0.99,1.29),邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯高 1.04 倍(95% CI:1.00,1.09):讨论:我们发现,报告的 SCP 使用情况与幼儿尿液中的邻苯二甲酸酯/替代代谢物有关。这些结果可为政策制定者、临床医生和家长提供信息,帮助限制儿童接触发育毒物。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13937。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of Skin Care Products on Phthalates and Phthalate Replacements in Children: the ECHO-FGS.

Background: Phthalates and their replacements have been implicated as developmental toxicants. Young children may be exposed to phthalates/replacements when using skin care products (SCPs).

Objectives: Our objective is to assess the associations between use of SCPs and children's urinary phthalate/replacement metabolite concentrations.

Methods: Children (4-8 years old) from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes-Fetal Growth Study (ECHO-FGS) cohort provided spot urine samples from 2017 to 2019, and mothers were queried about children's SCP use in the past 24 h (n=906). Concentrations of 16 urinary phthalate/replacement metabolites were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (n=630). We used linear regression to estimate the child's use of different SCPs as individual predictors of urinary phthalate/replacement metabolites, adjusted for urinary specific gravity, age, sex assigned at birth, body mass index, and self-reported race/ethnic identity, as well as maternal education, and season of specimen collection. We created self-organizing maps (SOM) to group children into "exposure profiles" that reflect discovered patterns of use for multiple SCPs.

Results: Children had lotions applied (43.0%) frequently, but "2-in-1" hair-care products (7.5%), sunscreens (5.9%), and oils (4.3%) infrequently. Use of lotions was associated with 1.17-fold [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.34] greater mono-benzyl phthalate and oils with 2.86-fold (95% CI: 1.89, 4.31) greater monoethyl phthalate (MEP), 1.43-fold (95% CI: 1.09, 1.90) greater monobutyl phthalate (MBP), and 1.40-fold (95% CI: 1.22, 1.61) greater low-molecular-weight phthalates (LMW). Use of 2-in-1 haircare products was associated with 0.84-fold (95% CI: 0.72, 0.97) and 0.78-fold (95% CI: 0.62, 0.98) lesser mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) and MBP, respectively. Child's race/ethnic identity modified the associations of lotions with LMW, oils with MEP and LMW, sunscreen with MCPP, ointments with MEP, and hair conditioner with MCPP. SOM identified four distinct SCP-use exposure scenarios (i.e., profiles) within our population that predicted 1.09-fold (95% CI: 1.03, 1.15) greater mono-carboxy isononyl phthalate, 1.31-fold (95% CI: 0.98, 1.77) greater mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl terephthalate, 1.13-fold (95% CI: 0.99, 1.29) greater monoethylhexyl phthalate, and 1.04-fold (95% CI: 1.00, 1.09) greater diethylhexyl phthalate.

Discussion: We found that reported SCP use was associated with urinary phthalate/replacement metabolites in young children. These results may inform policymakers, clinicians, and parents to help limit children's exposure to developmental toxicants. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13937.

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来源期刊
Environmental Health Perspectives
Environmental Health Perspectives 环境科学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
14.40
自引率
2.90%
发文量
388
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP) is a monthly peer-reviewed journal supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Its mission is to facilitate discussions on the connections between the environment and human health by publishing top-notch research and news. EHP ranks third in Public, Environmental, and Occupational Health, fourth in Toxicology, and fifth in Environmental Sciences.
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