Jinlei Shi , Chunlei Chai , Ruiyi Cai , Haoran Wei , Youcheng Zhou , Hao Fan , Wei Zhang , Natasha Merat
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The results showed that using the peripheral HMI to present TORs can shorten takeover time, and drivers rated this HMI as more useful and satisfactory than conventional HMIs (instrument panel and HUD). Eye movement analysis revealed that the peripheral HMI encourages drivers to spend more time gazing at the road ahead and less time gazing at the TOR information than the instrument panel and HUD, indicating a better gaze pattern for traffic safety. The HUD seemed to have a risk of capturing drivers’ attention, which resulted in an ‘attention tunnel,’ compared to the instrument panel. In addition, informative TORs were associated with better takeover performance and prompted drivers to spend less time gazing at rear-view mirrors than generic TORs. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
随着自动驾驶时代的到来,设计一个有效且合适的人机界面(HMI)来提出接管请求(TOR)对于确保驾驶安全至关重要。本研究进行了一项模拟驾驶实验,探讨了三种人机界面(仪表板、平视显示器[HUD]和外围人机界面)对接管性能的影响,同时考虑了接管请求类型(信息型和通用型接管请求)。此外,还收集了驾驶员的眼动数据,以研究驾驶员在接管过程中如何在人机界面和周围环境之间分配注意力。结果表明,使用外围人机界面显示职权范围可以缩短接管时间,驾驶员对这种人机界面的评价是比传统人机界面(仪表板和 HUD)更有用、更令人满意。眼动分析显示,与仪表板和 HUD 相比,外围人机界面鼓励驾驶员花更多时间注视前方道路,而减少注视 TOR 信息的时间,这表明注视模式更有利于交通安全。与仪表板相比,HUD 似乎有吸引驾驶员注意力的风险,从而导致 "注意力隧道"。此外,与一般的职权范围相比,信息性职权范围具有更好的接管性能,并促使驾驶员花费更少的时间注视后视镜。本研究的结果可为车载人机界面的设计和实施提供启示,从而提高自动驾驶汽车的驾驶安全性。
Effects of various in-vehicle human–machine interfaces on drivers’ takeover performance and gaze pattern in conditionally automated vehicles
With the era of automated driving approaching, designing an effective and suitable human–machine interface (HMI) to present takeover requests (TORs) is critical to ensure driving safety. The present study conducted a simulated driving experiment to explore the effects of three HMIs (instrument panel, head-up display [HUD], and peripheral HMI) on takeover performance, simultaneously considering the TOR type (informative and generic TORs). Drivers’ eye movement data were also collected to investigate how drivers distribute their attention between the HMI and surrounding environment during the takeover process. The results showed that using the peripheral HMI to present TORs can shorten takeover time, and drivers rated this HMI as more useful and satisfactory than conventional HMIs (instrument panel and HUD). Eye movement analysis revealed that the peripheral HMI encourages drivers to spend more time gazing at the road ahead and less time gazing at the TOR information than the instrument panel and HUD, indicating a better gaze pattern for traffic safety. The HUD seemed to have a risk of capturing drivers’ attention, which resulted in an ‘attention tunnel,’ compared to the instrument panel. In addition, informative TORs were associated with better takeover performance and prompted drivers to spend less time gazing at rear-view mirrors than generic TORs. The findings of the present study can provide insights into the design and implementation of in-vehicle HMIs to improve the driving safety of automated vehicles.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Human-Computer Studies publishes original research over the whole spectrum of work relevant to the theory and practice of innovative interactive systems. The journal is inherently interdisciplinary, covering research in computing, artificial intelligence, psychology, linguistics, communication, design, engineering, and social organization, which is relevant to the design, analysis, evaluation and application of innovative interactive systems. Papers at the boundaries of these disciplines are especially welcome, as it is our view that interdisciplinary approaches are needed for producing theoretical insights in this complex area and for effective deployment of innovative technologies in concrete user communities.
Research areas relevant to the journal include, but are not limited to:
• Innovative interaction techniques
• Multimodal interaction
• Speech interaction
• Graphic interaction
• Natural language interaction
• Interaction in mobile and embedded systems
• Interface design and evaluation methodologies
• Design and evaluation of innovative interactive systems
• User interface prototyping and management systems
• Ubiquitous computing
• Wearable computers
• Pervasive computing
• Affective computing
• Empirical studies of user behaviour
• Empirical studies of programming and software engineering
• Computer supported cooperative work
• Computer mediated communication
• Virtual reality
• Mixed and augmented Reality
• Intelligent user interfaces
• Presence
...