统计学习有助于提高认识。

IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1177/09567976241263344
Luzi Xu, Chris L E Paffen, Stefan Van der Stigchel, Surya Gayet
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引用次数: 0

摘要

统计学习是一种强大的机制,能够从感官输入中快速提取规律性。尽管已有大量研究证实统计学习具有广泛的认知功能,但统计学习是否会影响意识的获取仍是未知数。为了解决这个问题,我们在一系列实验中应用了多种范式(N = 153 名成人):两个基于反应时间的连续闪光抑制(b-CFS)实验表明,可能的物体比不可能的物体更快地突破抑制。一项预先登记的基于准确度的 b-CFS 实验显示,在相同的呈现持续时间下,被抑制的可能物体(相对于不可能物体)的定位准确度更高,从而排除了在有意识获取后出现处理差异的可能性(如标准转移)。与这些发现相一致的是,一个补充性的视觉遮蔽实验再次证实了对可能物体的定位敏感性高于对不可能物体的定位敏感性。这些发现共同表明,统计学习改变了对稀缺意识资源的竞争,从而可能导致统计学习对需要意识的高层次认知过程产生既定影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Statistical Learning Facilitates Access to Awareness.

Statistical learning is a powerful mechanism that enables the rapid extraction of regularities from sensory inputs. Although numerous studies have established that statistical learning serves a wide range of cognitive functions, it remains unknown whether statistical learning impacts conscious access. To address this question, we applied multiple paradigms in a series of experiments (N = 153 adults): Two reaction-time-based breaking continuous flash suppression (b-CFS) experiments showed that probable objects break through suppression faster than improbable objects. A preregistered accuracy-based b-CFS experiment showed higher localization accuracy for suppressed probable (versus improbable) objects under identical presentation durations, thereby excluding the possibility of processing differences emerging after conscious access (e.g., criterion shifts). Consistent with these findings, a supplemental visual-masking experiment reaffirmed higher localization sensitivity to probable objects over improbable objects. Together, these findings demonstrate that statistical learning alters the competition for scarce conscious resources, thereby potentially contributing to established effects of statistical learning on higher-level cognitive processes that require consciousness.

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来源期刊
Psychological Science
Psychological Science PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
156
期刊介绍: Psychological Science, the flagship journal of The Association for Psychological Science (previously the American Psychological Society), is a leading publication in the field with a citation ranking/impact factor among the top ten worldwide. It publishes authoritative articles covering various domains of psychological science, including brain and behavior, clinical science, cognition, learning and memory, social psychology, and developmental psychology. In addition to full-length articles, the journal features summaries of new research developments and discussions on psychological issues in government and public affairs. "Psychological Science" is published twelve times annually.
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