Eleah J Stringer, Rob W G Cloke, Lindsay Van der Meer, Rachel A Murphy, Nicol A Macpherson, Julian J Lum
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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：面对全球日益沉重的癌症负担，人们越来越关注通过饮食干预来减轻癌症的影响。临床前证据表明，限时进食（TRE）是一种间歇性禁食，可诱导肠道微生物组的新陈代谢效应和改变，从而抑制癌变。有关 TRE 致癌的研究已发展到人体研究，但相关证据仍有待综合：本研究的目的是系统评估与自由饮食或替代饮食相比，TRE 对癌症患者的临床和/或代谢组学影响：以 "间歇性禁食 "和 "癌症 "为核心概念，检索了截至 2023 年 1 月 4 日的 Ovid MEDLINE、Ovid Embase、CINAHL、Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials (CENTRAL)、Web of Science Core Collection (ESCI、CPCI-SSH、CPCI-S) 和 SCOPUS。数据提取：数据提取：在评估了 13 900 项结果后，共收录了 24 个条目，其中包括 8 篇完整文章、2 篇摘要、1 个已发表的方案和 13 个试验登记。对所有数据进行了提取、比较和批判性分析：患者人群（如肿瘤部位）、TRE疗法（如限制程度、持续时间）和临床终点存在异质性。据观察，TRE的坚持率较高（67%-98%），同时生活质量也有所改善。有四篇文章对癌症标志物进行了评估，发现治疗后肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原降低，复发率降低，主要分子反应持续。五篇文章证实了癌症风险因素的改变，包括在短短 8 周内对体重指数、脂肪含量、糖调节和炎症的有益影响。已完成的研究均未评估 TRE 对微生物组的影响，但对微生物组的分析是 2 项临床试验的计划结果：初步研究结果表明，TRE 是可行的，癌症患者可以接受，可能对肿瘤有好处，并能提高生活质量：PROSPERO注册号：CRD42023386885。
The Clinical Impact of Time-restricted Eating on Cancer: A Systematic Review.
Context: In the face of the growing global burden of cancer, there is increasing interest in dietary interventions to mitigate its impacts. Pre-clinical evidence suggests that time-restricted eating (TRE), a type of intermittent fasting, induces metabolic effects and alterations in the gut microbiome that may impede carcinogenesis. Research on TRE in cancer has progressed to human studies, but the evidence has yet to be synthesized.
Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the clinical and/or metabolomic effects of TRE compared with ad libitum eating or alternative diets in people with cancer.
Data sources: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science Core Collection (ESCI, CPCI-SSH, CPCI-S), and SCOPUS were searched up to January 4, 2023, using the core concepts of "intermittent fasting" and "cancer." Original study designs, protocols, and clinical trial registries were included.
Data extraction: After evaluating 13 900 results, 24 entries were included, consisting of 8 full articles, 2 abstracts, 1 published protocol and 13 trial registries. All data were extracted, compared, and critically analyzed.
Data analysis: There was heterogeneity in the patient population (eg, in tumor sites), TRE regimens (eg, degree of restriction, duration), and clinical end points. A high rate (67-98%) of TRE adherence was observed, alongside improvements in quality of life. Four articles assessed cancer markers and found a reduction in tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen, reduced rates of recurrence, and a sustained major molecular response, following TRE. Five articles demonstrated modified cancer risk factors, including beneficial effects on body mass index, adiposity, glucoregulation, and inflammation in as short a period as 8 weeks. None of the completed studies assessed the effect of TRE on the microbiome, but analysis of the microbiome is a planned outcome in 2 clinical trials.
Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that TRE is feasible and acceptable by people with cancer, may have oncological benefits, and improves quality of life.
期刊介绍：
Nutrition Reviews is a highly cited, monthly, international, peer-reviewed journal that specializes in the publication of authoritative and critical literature reviews on current and emerging topics in nutrition science, food science, clinical nutrition, and nutrition policy. Readers of Nutrition Reviews include nutrition scientists, biomedical researchers, clinical and dietetic practitioners, and advanced students of nutrition.
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