治疗师的依恋和内省在治疗过程和结果中的作用:系统回顾

IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Sarah J. Horne, Siyu Liu, Katie Aafjes-van Doorn
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引用次数: 0

摘要

之前的综述研究了治疗师的内化关系模式(包括治疗师的依恋风格和沙利文的内省概念)与治疗关系之间关系的实证证据。本综述通过研究治疗师的内化关系模式对治疗过程(如治疗联盟和反移情)和治疗结果(如症状和功能)的影响,对之前的综述进行了扩展。我们的系统性搜索发现了 42 项实证研究,这些研究测量了治疗师的内化关系模式,其定义为治疗师的依恋风格(即治疗师与他人相处的方式)和/或内省(即治疗师与自己相处的方式)与治疗过程和结果的关系,其中包括 35 项关于依恋的研究、9 项关于内省的研究以及 2 项同时考察了这两种建构的研究。我们进行了严格的质量评估,其中 2 项研究被评为 "中等",40 项研究被评为 "弱"。根据研究结果,安全依恋程度较高的治疗师可能会与患者建立更牢固的工作联盟和更积极的治疗过程。与预期相反,治疗师的依恋安全感似乎不会影响治疗结果。以更肯定的方式与自己相处的治疗师可能会建立更牢固的工作联盟,取得更好的治疗效果,但迄今为止,很少有研究涉及这一问题。需要进行更严格的研究,尤其是关于治疗师自我介绍的影响。治疗师可以考虑其内化的关系模式对工作联盟和其他影响治疗结果的治疗过程的潜在影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Role of Therapists' Attachment and Introject in Their Treatment Process and Outcome: A Systematic Review

Previous reviews have examined empirical evidence of the relationship between therapists' internalized relational models, including therapists' attachment styles and Sullivan's notion of introject, and the therapeutic relationship. This review expands upon previous reviews by examining the effect of therapists' internalized relational models on the treatment process (e.g., therapeutic alliance and countertransference) and treatment outcomes (e.g., symptoms and functioning) more broadly. Our systematic search identified 42 empirical studies measuring therapist's internalized relational models, defined as therapist attachment style (i.e., the way the therapist relates to others) and/or introject (i.e., the way the therapist relates to themselves), in relation to therapy process and outcome, including 35 studies on attachment, nine studies on introject and two that examined both constructs. A rigorous quality assessment was conducted; two studies were rated as ‘moderate’, and 40 were rated as ‘weak’ in quality. Based on the study findings, it appears that more securely attached therapists may have stronger working alliances and more positive therapeutic processes with their patients. Contrary to expectations, therapist attachment security does not appear to impact treatment outcomes. Therapists who relate to themselves in a more affirming way may have stronger working alliances and better treatment outcomes, but very few studies have addressed this question thus far. More rigorous research, especially on the effect of therapists' introject, is needed. Therapists may consider the potential impact of their internalized relational models on the working alliance and other treatment processes that influence therapeutic outcomes.

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来源期刊
Clinical psychology & psychotherapy
Clinical psychology & psychotherapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
106
期刊介绍: Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy aims to keep clinical psychologists and psychotherapists up to date with new developments in their fields. The Journal will provide an integrative impetus both between theory and practice and between different orientations within clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy will be a forum in which practitioners can present their wealth of expertise and innovations in order to make these available to a wider audience. Equally, the Journal will contain reports from researchers who want to address a larger clinical audience with clinically relevant issues and clinically valid research.
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