Zhongqi Fan, Amy M Yang, Marcus Lehr, Ana B Ronan, Ryan B Simpson, Kimberly H Nguyen, Elena N Naumova, Naglaa H El-Abbadi
{"title":"COVID-19 大流行期间美国各年龄组的粮食不安全状况。","authors":"Zhongqi Fan, Amy M Yang, Marcus Lehr, Ana B Ronan, Ryan B Simpson, Kimberly H Nguyen, Elena N Naumova, Naglaa H El-Abbadi","doi":"10.3390/ijerph21081078","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food insecurity increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact varied across different age groups during the prolonged public health emergency. This study sought to describe national food insecurity prevalence by adult age group at multiple stages of the pandemic and explore differences by demographic characteristics. Data were from the nationally representative US Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey from April 2020 to May 2023 (N = 4,153,462). Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) regression analysis identified change points in food insecurity trends, segmenting the timeline into three periods: (1) April 2020-March 2021, (2) April 2021-May 2022, and (3) June 2022-May 2023. Logistic regression models examined associations between age, time period, and self-reported household food insecurity; covariates included demographics, socioeconomic status, household structure, and food support program usage. Overall, 9.3% of respondents experienced food insecurity, ranging from 3.5% among those aged ≥75 to 12.2% for ages 35-44 years. Significant interaction between age group and time period indicated inconsistency in the age-food insecurity association during the pandemic (<i>p</i> < 0.001). From Period 1 to 3, the proportion of food-insecure adults aged ≥65 rose from 9.2% to 13.9%. Across all age groups, higher odds of food insecurity were found among Black, Hispanic/Latino, or Other/Multiracial respondents; those with less than a Bachelor's degree; those with incomes below USD 35,000; those unemployed for reasons other than retirement; and non-homeowners (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The results show that trends and characteristics associated with food insecurity varied across age groups and time periods. Continuous monitoring of food insecurity during emergencies is critical to identify vulnerable populations and timely interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353888/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Food Insecurity across Age Groups in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic.\",\"authors\":\"Zhongqi Fan, Amy M Yang, Marcus Lehr, Ana B Ronan, Ryan B Simpson, Kimberly H Nguyen, Elena N Naumova, Naglaa H El-Abbadi\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/ijerph21081078\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Food insecurity increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact varied across different age groups during the prolonged public health emergency. This study sought to describe national food insecurity prevalence by adult age group at multiple stages of the pandemic and explore differences by demographic characteristics. Data were from the nationally representative US Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey from April 2020 to May 2023 (N = 4,153,462). Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) regression analysis identified change points in food insecurity trends, segmenting the timeline into three periods: (1) April 2020-March 2021, (2) April 2021-May 2022, and (3) June 2022-May 2023. Logistic regression models examined associations between age, time period, and self-reported household food insecurity; covariates included demographics, socioeconomic status, household structure, and food support program usage. Overall, 9.3% of respondents experienced food insecurity, ranging from 3.5% among those aged ≥75 to 12.2% for ages 35-44 years. Significant interaction between age group and time period indicated inconsistency in the age-food insecurity association during the pandemic (<i>p</i> < 0.001). From Period 1 to 3, the proportion of food-insecure adults aged ≥65 rose from 9.2% to 13.9%. Across all age groups, higher odds of food insecurity were found among Black, Hispanic/Latino, or Other/Multiracial respondents; those with less than a Bachelor's degree; those with incomes below USD 35,000; those unemployed for reasons other than retirement; and non-homeowners (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The results show that trends and characteristics associated with food insecurity varied across age groups and time periods. Continuous monitoring of food insecurity during emergencies is critical to identify vulnerable populations and timely interventions.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49056,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353888/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"103\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081078\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"综合性期刊\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081078","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Food Insecurity across Age Groups in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Food insecurity increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact varied across different age groups during the prolonged public health emergency. This study sought to describe national food insecurity prevalence by adult age group at multiple stages of the pandemic and explore differences by demographic characteristics. Data were from the nationally representative US Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey from April 2020 to May 2023 (N = 4,153,462). Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) regression analysis identified change points in food insecurity trends, segmenting the timeline into three periods: (1) April 2020-March 2021, (2) April 2021-May 2022, and (3) June 2022-May 2023. Logistic regression models examined associations between age, time period, and self-reported household food insecurity; covariates included demographics, socioeconomic status, household structure, and food support program usage. Overall, 9.3% of respondents experienced food insecurity, ranging from 3.5% among those aged ≥75 to 12.2% for ages 35-44 years. Significant interaction between age group and time period indicated inconsistency in the age-food insecurity association during the pandemic (p < 0.001). From Period 1 to 3, the proportion of food-insecure adults aged ≥65 rose from 9.2% to 13.9%. Across all age groups, higher odds of food insecurity were found among Black, Hispanic/Latino, or Other/Multiracial respondents; those with less than a Bachelor's degree; those with incomes below USD 35,000; those unemployed for reasons other than retirement; and non-homeowners (p < 0.001). The results show that trends and characteristics associated with food insecurity varied across age groups and time periods. Continuous monitoring of food insecurity during emergencies is critical to identify vulnerable populations and timely interventions.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) (ISSN 1660-4601) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes, and short communications in the interdisciplinary area of environmental health sciences and public health. It links several scientific disciplines including biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, cellular and molecular biology, chemistry, computer science, ecology, engineering, epidemiology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, oncology, pathology, pharmacology, and toxicology, in an integrated fashion, to address critical issues related to environmental quality and public health. Therefore, IJERPH focuses on the publication of scientific and technical information on the impacts of natural phenomena and anthropogenic factors on the quality of our environment, the interrelationships between environmental health and the quality of life, as well as the socio-cultural, political, economic, and legal considerations related to environmental stewardship and public health.
The 2018 IJERPH Outstanding Reviewer Award has been launched! This award acknowledge those who have generously dedicated their time to review manuscripts submitted to IJERPH. See full details at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/awards.