Maria C. Fernandes-Martins, Carli Springer, Daniel R. Colman, Eric S. Boyd
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Dialysis membrane experiments showed that direct contact is not required for S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> oxidation in the SOR-encoding strain. This is attributed to the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) from S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> disproportionation that can diffuse out of the cell to solubilise bulk S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> to form soluble polysulfides (S<sub><i>x</i></sub><sup>2−</sup>) and/or S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> nanoparticles that readily diffuse across dialysis membranes. The Sulfolobales strain lacking SOR required direct contact to oxidise S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup>, which could be overcome by the addition of H<sub>2</sub>S. High concentrations of S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> inhibited the growth of both strains. These results implicate alternative strategies to acquire and metabolise sulfur in Sulfolobales and have implications for their distribution and ecology in their hot spring habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":11898,"journal":{"name":"Environmental microbiology","volume":"26 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1462-2920.16691","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Acquisition of elemental sulfur by sulfur-oxidising Sulfolobales\",\"authors\":\"Maria C. Fernandes-Martins, Carli Springer, Daniel R. Colman, Eric S. Boyd\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/1462-2920.16691\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Elemental sulfur (S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup>)-oxidising Sulfolobales (Archaea) dominate high-temperature acidic hot springs (>80°C, pH <4). 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This is attributed to the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) from S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> disproportionation that can diffuse out of the cell to solubilise bulk S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> to form soluble polysulfides (S<sub><i>x</i></sub><sup>2−</sup>) and/or S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> nanoparticles that readily diffuse across dialysis membranes. The Sulfolobales strain lacking SOR required direct contact to oxidise S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup>, which could be overcome by the addition of H<sub>2</sub>S. High concentrations of S<sub>8</sub><sup>0</sup> inhibited the growth of both strains. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
元素硫(S80)氧化型硫醇杆菌(古细菌)在高温酸性温泉(80°C,pH值为4)中占主导地位。然而,对Sulfolobales中S80氧化成员的基因组分析表明,编码硫氧合酶还原酶(SOR)的基因分布不均,而SOR是一种S80氧化歧化酶。在这里,我们报告了以前从黄石国家公园酸性温泉中分离出来的两株硫醇杆菌的 S80 依赖性生长情况,其中一株在生长过程中与大量 S80 相关,另一株则不相关。两株菌株的基因组编码不同的硫代谢酶,其中只有一株编码 SOR。透析膜实验表明,在编码 SOR 的菌株中,S80 氧化不需要直接接触。这是因为 S80歧化产生的硫化氢(H2S)可以扩散到细胞外,溶解大量 S80,形成可溶性多硫化物(Sx2-)和/或 S80 纳米颗粒,这些颗粒很容易扩散到透析膜上。缺乏 SOR 的硫醇杆菌菌株需要直接接触才能氧化 S80,而加入 H2S 则可以克服这一问题。高浓度的 S80 会抑制这两种菌株的生长。这些结果表明了硫化菌获取和代谢硫的替代策略,并对它们在温泉栖息地的分布和生态产生了影响。
Acquisition of elemental sulfur by sulfur-oxidising Sulfolobales
Elemental sulfur (S80)-oxidising Sulfolobales (Archaea) dominate high-temperature acidic hot springs (>80°C, pH <4). However, genomic analyses of S80-oxidising members of the Sulfolobales reveal a patchy distribution of genes encoding sulfur oxygenase reductase (SOR), an S80 disproportionating enzyme attributed to S80 oxidation. Here, we report the S80-dependent growth of two Sulfolobales strains previously isolated from acidic hot springs in Yellowstone National Park, one of which associated with bulk S80 during growth and one that did not. The genomes of each strain encoded different sulfur metabolism enzymes, with only one encoding SOR. Dialysis membrane experiments showed that direct contact is not required for S80 oxidation in the SOR-encoding strain. This is attributed to the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from S80 disproportionation that can diffuse out of the cell to solubilise bulk S80 to form soluble polysulfides (Sx2−) and/or S80 nanoparticles that readily diffuse across dialysis membranes. The Sulfolobales strain lacking SOR required direct contact to oxidise S80, which could be overcome by the addition of H2S. High concentrations of S80 inhibited the growth of both strains. These results implicate alternative strategies to acquire and metabolise sulfur in Sulfolobales and have implications for their distribution and ecology in their hot spring habitats.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Microbiology provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following:
the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities
microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes
microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors
microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution
population biology and clonal structure
microbial metabolic and structural diversity
microbial physiology, growth and survival
microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling
responses to environmental signals and stress factors
modelling and theory development
pollution microbiology
extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats
element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production
microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes
evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses
new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens