{"title":"香港老鼠(Rattus spp.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100878","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Capillaria hepatica</em> (syn. <em>Calodium hepaticum</em>) (Bancroft, 1893) is a nematode, which colonises the liver of a wide range of hosts including humans. The worldwide prevalence of infection in the genus <em>Rattus</em> can be as high as 100% and the Norway rat (<em>R. norvegicus</em>) and black rat (<em>R. rattus</em>) are considered the main host species. This study is the first to investigate the epidemiology of <em>C. hepatica</em> infection in wild rats trapped in various geographical locations in Hong Kong. Four species of trapped rats were identified, with 65% being <em>R. norvegicus</em>, followed by 30% <em>R. tanezumi</em> (Asian house rat), 4% <em>R. andamanensis</em> (Sikkim rat), and 1% <em>Niviventer huang</em> (South China white-bellied rat). The overall prevalence of <em>C. hepatica</em> infection was 36.7% (81/221) (95% CI 30.4–43.4) and <em>R. norvegicus</em> was the most common rat species trapped during this study, with the highest prevalence of <em>C. hepatica</em> infection. Two risk factors for host infection were skin wounds and geographical region<em>,</em> whilst sex, body weight, stage of development, and presence of ectoparasites were not risk factors for this infection. Gross hepatic lesions were absent in 17% of infected rats and when present, were not pathognomonic for the infection. Infected rats lacked severe hepatic inflammation or fibrosis, indicating that rats tolerate the infection well. Egg production was observed in the livers of 69% of infected rats, which emphasizes their role as reservoirs of this zoonotic parasite. Several infected rats in this study were trapped inside residential buildings, which highlights the zoonotic risk of <em>C. hepatica</em> to humans following the potential ingestion of embryonated eggs from contaminated food, water, or soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771424002040/pdfft?md5=7e768142c60b8b5a3f0d022ee9cb4585&pid=1-s2.0-S2352771424002040-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Capillaria hepatica (syn. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
肝毛囊线虫(Capillaria hepatica)(同义:Calodium hepaticum)(Bancroft,1893 年)是一种线虫,可在包括人类在内的多种宿主的肝脏中定植。鼠属线虫的全球感染率可高达 100%,挪威鼠(R. norvegicus)和黑鼠(R. rattus)被认为是主要宿主物种。本研究首次调查在香港不同地点捕获的野鼠感染肝包虫病的流行病学。被诱捕的野鼠有四个品种,其中65%是R. norvegicus,其次是30% R. tanezumi(亚洲家鼠)、4% R. andamanensis(锡金鼠)和1% Niviventer huang(华南白腹鼠)。肝吸虫感染的总体流行率为 36.7% (81/221)(95% CI 30.4-43.4),诺维格鼠是本研究中最常见的被捕获鼠种,其肝吸虫感染率最高。宿主感染的两个风险因素是皮肤伤口和地理区域,而性别、体重、发育阶段和体外寄生虫的存在不是感染的风险因素。17%的受感染大鼠没有肝脏大面积病变,即使有,也不是感染的标志性病变。受感染的大鼠没有严重的肝脏炎症或纤维化,这表明大鼠对感染的耐受性良好。在 69% 的受感染大鼠肝脏中观察到了产卵现象,这表明它们是这种人畜共患病寄生虫的储库。在这项研究中,几只受感染的大鼠被困在居民楼内,这突显了肝包虫病对人类的人畜共患风险,因为人类可能会从受污染的食物、水或土壤中摄入胚胎虫卵。
Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) infection and factors influencing infection carriage in rats (Rattus spp.) in Hong Kong
Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) (Bancroft, 1893) is a nematode, which colonises the liver of a wide range of hosts including humans. The worldwide prevalence of infection in the genus Rattus can be as high as 100% and the Norway rat (R. norvegicus) and black rat (R. rattus) are considered the main host species. This study is the first to investigate the epidemiology of C. hepatica infection in wild rats trapped in various geographical locations in Hong Kong. Four species of trapped rats were identified, with 65% being R. norvegicus, followed by 30% R. tanezumi (Asian house rat), 4% R. andamanensis (Sikkim rat), and 1% Niviventer huang (South China white-bellied rat). The overall prevalence of C. hepatica infection was 36.7% (81/221) (95% CI 30.4–43.4) and R. norvegicus was the most common rat species trapped during this study, with the highest prevalence of C. hepatica infection. Two risk factors for host infection were skin wounds and geographical region, whilst sex, body weight, stage of development, and presence of ectoparasites were not risk factors for this infection. Gross hepatic lesions were absent in 17% of infected rats and when present, were not pathognomonic for the infection. Infected rats lacked severe hepatic inflammation or fibrosis, indicating that rats tolerate the infection well. Egg production was observed in the livers of 69% of infected rats, which emphasizes their role as reservoirs of this zoonotic parasite. Several infected rats in this study were trapped inside residential buildings, which highlights the zoonotic risk of C. hepatica to humans following the potential ingestion of embryonated eggs from contaminated food, water, or soil.
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