A comprehensive review on the multifaceted applications of mulberry silkworm pupae: A sustainable resource

The nutrient profile of the mulberry silkworm pupae as a food source has attracted attention because of the rising insect consumption in Western and Asian nations. With 2.5 billion more people and a 70% increase in food consumption by 2050, crop yields will become insufficient to cater to the needs. To overcome this obstacle, insects offer a nourishing solution because of their environmental responsibility, sustainability, and nutrient worth. Delving into the vast potential of mulberry silkworm pupae, this comprehensive review sheds light on their versatility as a valuable resource beyond their use in silk production. Rooted in a longstanding tradition of sericulture, these pupae hold promise in various fields such as agriculture, medicine, and nutrition. From serving as a protein-rich feed for livestock and a natural fertilizer to providing an abundant source of medicinal compounds, current research highlights their diverse capabilities. However, amidst the growing interest, there remains a dearth of consolidated information. This study aims to bridge this gap with an all-encompassing review, identifying areas for further research, and advocating for their integration into sustainable practices. Our goal is to direct future research, inform policymakers, and promote the utilization of mulberry silkworm pupae as a sustainable resource in various industries.