将景观结构变化与大西洋残余森林边缘和内部的昆虫食草动物联系起来。

IF 4.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
José Carlos Morante-Filho, Clarisse Dias Cruz, Maíra Benchimol, Fabrine Vitória Almeida, Rosilene Aparecida de Oliveira
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类活动引发了自然景观的深刻变化,导致物种减少和昆虫食草等关键生态相互作用的破坏。这种拮抗作用受到复杂途径的影响(如食草动物和捕食者的丰度、植物化学防御能力和资源可用性),但人们对森林消失和破碎化如何影响人类改造的热带景观中昆虫的食草作用仍然知之甚少。在这种情况下,我们评估了景观结构变化可能影响巴西 20 个大西洋森林片断中昆虫草食性的多种途径。通过路径分析,我们估算了森林覆盖率和森林边缘密度的直接影响,以及树冠开阔度、林下植物数量和酚类化合物对位于森林边缘和内部的林下植物叶片损伤的间接影响。其中,位于森林边缘的植物比位于森林内部的植物受到更大的叶片损伤。我们观察到,景观边缘密度对森林边缘采样植物的叶片损伤有直接的正向影响。我们的研究结果还表明,森林消失和边缘密度增加导致森林内部树冠开阔度增加,从而导致林下植物数量减少,叶片损伤也随之增加。此外,我们还发现酚类化合物对森林内部植物的叶片损伤有负面影响。鉴于热带地区的森林损失日益严重,森林片段被搁置在高度毁林、边缘化和退化的地貌中,我们的研究突出表明,在剩余的森林片段中,昆虫的食草性普遍增强,特别是在森林边缘和森林内部的树冠间隙。因此,草食性的增加很可能会影响森林再生,并加速这些高度毁林和人为干扰景观的生态崩溃过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Linking changes in landscape structure to insect herbivory in forest edges and interiors of Atlantic Forest remnants

Human activities have triggered profound changes in natural landscapes, resulting in species loss and disruption of pivotal ecological interactions such as insect herbivory. This antagonistic interaction is affected by complex pathways (e.g., abundance of herbivores and predators, plant chemical defenses, and resource availability), but the knowledge regarding how forest loss and fragmentation affect insect herbivory in human-modified tropical landscapes still remains poorly understood. In this context, we assessed multi-pathways by which changes in landscape structure likely influence insect herbivory in 20 Atlantic forest fragments in Brazil. Using path analysis, we estimated the direct effects of forest cover and forest edge density, and the indirect effect via canopy openness, number of understory plants and phenolic compounds, on leaf damage in understory plants located in the edge and interior of forest fragments. In particular, plants located in forest edges experienced greater leaf damage than interior ones. We observed that landscape edge density exerted a positive and direct effect on leaf damage in plants sampled at the edge of forest fragments. Our findings also indicated that forest loss and increase of edge density led to an increase in the canopy opening in the forest interior, which causes a reduction in the number of understory plants and, consequently, an increase in leaf damage. In addition, we detected that phenolic compounds negatively influence leaf damage in forest interior plants. Given the increasing forest loss in tropical regions, in which forest fragments become stranded in highly deforested, edge-dominated and degraded landscapes, our study highlights the pervasive enhancement in insect herbivory in remaining forest fragments—especially along forest edges and canopy gaps in the forest interior. As a result, increased herbivory is likely to affect forest regeneration and accelerate the ecological meltdown processes in these highly deforested and disturbed anthropogenic landscapes.

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来源期刊
Ecological Applications
Ecological Applications 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
2.00%
发文量
268
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The pages of Ecological Applications are open to research and discussion papers that integrate ecological science and concepts with their application and implications. Of special interest are papers that develop the basic scientific principles on which environmental decision-making should rest, and those that discuss the application of ecological concepts to environmental problem solving, policy, and management. Papers that deal explicitly with policy matters are welcome. Interdisciplinary approaches are encouraged, as are short communications on emerging environmental challenges.
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