通过对左侧 pSTS 的 TMS,证明麦克格克效应与视听言语感知一致的因果关系。

IF 1.8 4区 心理学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS
EunSeon Ahn, Areti Majumdar, Taraz G Lee, David Brang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

视觉一致的语音能提高语音感知的准确性,尤其是在嘈杂的环境中。反之,不匹配的视觉语言会改变听到的内容,从而产生不同于听觉和视觉成分的幻觉,这就是所谓的麦格克效应。虽然之前的经颅磁刺激(TMS)和神经影像学研究已确定左后颞上沟(pSTS)是产生麦格克效应的一个因果区域,但目前仍不清楚该区域是只对这种错觉至关重要,还是对视觉语言一致所带来的更普遍的益处(如提高准确性和加快反应速度)也至关重要。事实上,最近的相关研究表明,视觉语言一致的益处和麦格克效应在很大程度上依赖于独立的机制。为了更好地了解视听整合的这些不同特征是如何由左侧 pSTS 因果关系产生的,我们使用单脉冲 TMS 暂时中断该区域的处理,同时向受试者呈现一致或不一致(麦格克)的视听组合。与过去的研究一致,我们观察到,对左侧 pSTS 的 TMS 可降低 McGurk 效应的强度。但重要的是,刺激左侧 pSTS 对一致视听言语的正面益处(提高准确性和加快反应时间)没有影响,这表明这两个过程之间存在因果关系。我们的研究结果与相关模型一致,即 pSTS 只是支持视听言语互动的多个关键区域之一。此外,这些数据为越来越多的证据增添了新的内容,这些证据表明,麦格克效应是一种不完善的替代测量方法,无法测量更普遍的、生态学上有效的视听言语行为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evidence for a Causal Dissociation of the McGurk Effect and Congruent Audiovisual Speech Perception via TMS to the Left pSTS.

Congruent visual speech improves speech perception accuracy, particularly in noisy environments. Conversely, mismatched visual speech can alter what is heard, leading to an illusory percept that differs from the auditory and visual components, known as the McGurk effect. While prior transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and neuroimaging studies have identified the left posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) as a causal region involved in the generation of the McGurk effect, it remains unclear whether this region is critical only for this illusion or also for the more general benefits of congruent visual speech (e.g., increased accuracy and faster reaction times). Indeed, recent correlative research suggests that the benefits of congruent visual speech and the McGurk effect rely on largely independent mechanisms. To better understand how these different features of audiovisual integration are causally generated by the left pSTS, we used single-pulse TMS to temporarily disrupt processing within this region while subjects were presented with either congruent or incongruent (McGurk) audiovisual combinations. Consistent with past research, we observed that TMS to the left pSTS reduced the strength of the McGurk effect. Importantly, however, left pSTS stimulation had no effect on the positive benefits of congruent audiovisual speech (increased accuracy and faster reaction times), demonstrating a causal dissociation between the two processes. Our results are consistent with models proposing that the pSTS is but one of multiple critical areas supporting audiovisual speech interactions. Moreover, these data add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that the McGurk effect is an imperfect surrogate measure for more general and ecologically valid audiovisual speech behaviors.

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来源期刊
Multisensory Research
Multisensory Research BIOPHYSICS-PSYCHOLOGY
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
12.50%
发文量
15
期刊介绍: Multisensory Research is an interdisciplinary archival journal covering all aspects of multisensory processing including the control of action, cognition and attention. Research using any approach to increase our understanding of multisensory perceptual, behavioural, neural and computational mechanisms is encouraged. Empirical, neurophysiological, psychophysical, brain imaging, clinical, developmental, mathematical and computational analyses are welcome. Research will also be considered covering multisensory applications such as sensory substitution, crossmodal methods for delivering sensory information or multisensory approaches to robotics and engineering. Short communications and technical notes that draw attention to new developments will be included, as will reviews and commentaries on current issues. Special issues dealing with specific topics will be announced from time to time. Multisensory Research is a continuation of Seeing and Perceiving, and of Spatial Vision.
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