{"title":"埃塞俄比亚西南部加莫区三个地区的牛锥虫病、病媒分布和感染率","authors":"Amsayas Tsolo , Kokeb Kore , Desie Sheferaw","doi":"10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00374","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>African animal trypanosomosis is one of the main obstacles to the development of livestock and agricultural output in Ethiopia. It usually results in a severe, frequently fatal sickness, and the infected animals were more weakened as the disease progress and become unfit for work. A cross sectional study design was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 with the aim of estimating the prevalence of trypanosome infection both in <em>Glossina</em> spp. and cattle, and to assess apparent density of <em>Glossina</em> spp. A total of 298 cattle were selected and examined for trypanosome by using buffy coat technique. The overall prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was 19.1%; and two species of trypanosomes, <em>T. congolense</em> and <em>T. vivax</em>, were identified in the study area. The prevalence of <em>T</em>. <em>congolense</em> and <em>T. vivax</em> were 15.8% and 2.3%, respectively. The prevalence of trypanosomosis was significantly higher in adult animals (OR = 2.7; <em>p</em> < 0.05) than in younger cattle and poor body condition (OR = 3.18; p <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span> 0.05) than medium body condition animals. The mean PCV value of infected animals was 14.3% (13.3–15.4) significantly lower than the non-infected animals 18.5% (17.8–19.2). <em>Glossina pallidipes</em> is the only tsetse species encountered in all the study areas. In total, 2992 flies were caught of which 90.8% belong to <em>G. pallidipes</em> and 9.2% were other biting flies. The overall apparent density of <em>G. pallidipes</em> was 20.1 F/T/D and other biting flies were 2.0 F/T/D. A total of 307 live <em>Glossina pallidipes</em> were dissected. The overall prevalence of <em>Glossina pallidipes</em> infection rate was 9.1% (95% CI = 5.9–12.4). The prevalence of <em>G. pallidipes</em> infection was significantly higher in Kucha district (OR = 3.2, χ<sup>2</sup> = 2.6, p <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span> 0.05) than the other two districts, Daramalo and Arba Minch Zuria. Also it was significantly higher in flies trapped from riverine forest areas (OR = 5.5, χ<sup>2</sup> = 2.86, p <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span> 0.05). Therefore, to reduce the impact of trypanosomosis and <em>Glossina,</em> vector control and treating infected cattle with prophylactic or chemotherapeutic drugs and active community participation can play a key role.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37873,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673124000382/pdfft?md5=c7aae182dadd0808b073ae4055f098b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2405673124000382-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Bovine trypanosomosis, vector distribution and infection rate in three districts of Gamo Zone, southwestern Ethiopia\",\"authors\":\"Amsayas Tsolo , Kokeb Kore , Desie Sheferaw\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00374\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>African animal trypanosomosis is one of the main obstacles to the development of livestock and agricultural output in Ethiopia. It usually results in a severe, frequently fatal sickness, and the infected animals were more weakened as the disease progress and become unfit for work. A cross sectional study design was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 with the aim of estimating the prevalence of trypanosome infection both in <em>Glossina</em> spp. and cattle, and to assess apparent density of <em>Glossina</em> spp. A total of 298 cattle were selected and examined for trypanosome by using buffy coat technique. The overall prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was 19.1%; and two species of trypanosomes, <em>T. congolense</em> and <em>T. vivax</em>, were identified in the study area. The prevalence of <em>T</em>. <em>congolense</em> and <em>T. vivax</em> were 15.8% and 2.3%, respectively. The prevalence of trypanosomosis was significantly higher in adult animals (OR = 2.7; <em>p</em> < 0.05) than in younger cattle and poor body condition (OR = 3.18; p <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span> 0.05) than medium body condition animals. The mean PCV value of infected animals was 14.3% (13.3–15.4) significantly lower than the non-infected animals 18.5% (17.8–19.2). <em>Glossina pallidipes</em> is the only tsetse species encountered in all the study areas. In total, 2992 flies were caught of which 90.8% belong to <em>G. pallidipes</em> and 9.2% were other biting flies. The overall apparent density of <em>G. pallidipes</em> was 20.1 F/T/D and other biting flies were 2.0 F/T/D. A total of 307 live <em>Glossina pallidipes</em> were dissected. The overall prevalence of <em>Glossina pallidipes</em> infection rate was 9.1% (95% CI = 5.9–12.4). The prevalence of <em>G. pallidipes</em> infection was significantly higher in Kucha district (OR = 3.2, χ<sup>2</sup> = 2.6, p <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span> 0.05) than the other two districts, Daramalo and Arba Minch Zuria. Also it was significantly higher in flies trapped from riverine forest areas (OR = 5.5, χ<sup>2</sup> = 2.86, p <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span> 0.05). Therefore, to reduce the impact of trypanosomosis and <em>Glossina,</em> vector control and treating infected cattle with prophylactic or chemotherapeutic drugs and active community participation can play a key role.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":37873,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Parasite Epidemiology and Control\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673124000382/pdfft?md5=c7aae182dadd0808b073ae4055f098b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2405673124000382-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Parasite Epidemiology and Control\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673124000382\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673124000382","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Bovine trypanosomosis, vector distribution and infection rate in three districts of Gamo Zone, southwestern Ethiopia
African animal trypanosomosis is one of the main obstacles to the development of livestock and agricultural output in Ethiopia. It usually results in a severe, frequently fatal sickness, and the infected animals were more weakened as the disease progress and become unfit for work. A cross sectional study design was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 with the aim of estimating the prevalence of trypanosome infection both in Glossina spp. and cattle, and to assess apparent density of Glossina spp. A total of 298 cattle were selected and examined for trypanosome by using buffy coat technique. The overall prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was 19.1%; and two species of trypanosomes, T. congolense and T. vivax, were identified in the study area. The prevalence of T. congolense and T. vivax were 15.8% and 2.3%, respectively. The prevalence of trypanosomosis was significantly higher in adult animals (OR = 2.7; p < 0.05) than in younger cattle and poor body condition (OR = 3.18; p 0.05) than medium body condition animals. The mean PCV value of infected animals was 14.3% (13.3–15.4) significantly lower than the non-infected animals 18.5% (17.8–19.2). Glossina pallidipes is the only tsetse species encountered in all the study areas. In total, 2992 flies were caught of which 90.8% belong to G. pallidipes and 9.2% were other biting flies. The overall apparent density of G. pallidipes was 20.1 F/T/D and other biting flies were 2.0 F/T/D. A total of 307 live Glossina pallidipes were dissected. The overall prevalence of Glossina pallidipes infection rate was 9.1% (95% CI = 5.9–12.4). The prevalence of G. pallidipes infection was significantly higher in Kucha district (OR = 3.2, χ2 = 2.6, p 0.05) than the other two districts, Daramalo and Arba Minch Zuria. Also it was significantly higher in flies trapped from riverine forest areas (OR = 5.5, χ2 = 2.86, p 0.05). Therefore, to reduce the impact of trypanosomosis and Glossina, vector control and treating infected cattle with prophylactic or chemotherapeutic drugs and active community participation can play a key role.
期刊介绍：
Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.
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