Metabolic pathways altered by air pollutant exposure in association with coagulation function among the rural elderly.

Air pollution exposure has been linked with coagulation function. However, evidence is limited for the relationships between air pollution, coagulation function and metabolomics in humans. We recruited a panel of 130 rural elderly from the Chayashan township in China, all of whom were free of pre-existing cardiovascular diseases and had provided residential address information. We conducted clinical examinations and collected blood samples from these rural elderly for the detection of coagulation biomarkers (e.g, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, thrombin time, and prothrombin time) and untargeted metabolites in both December 2021 and August 2022. We used mini ambient air quality monitor to measure the mean levels of five air pollutants (e.g., PM_2.5, SO₂, NO₂, CO and O₃) during 1 to 2 weeks before blood sample collection. The Mummichog pathway analysis was used to identified potential metabolic features and pathways. In this study, we identified 5 pathways associated with both air pollution and coagulation function, and further pinpointed eight metabolic features within these pathways. The majority of these features were lipids, including arachidonic acid and linoleic acid. Overall, the findings of this study offer insights into potential mechanisms, particularly lipid metabolism, that may underlie the association between air pollution and coagulation function.