{"title":"土壤呼吸对高温和氮供应的温度敏感性","authors":"Yufei Li, Kaiping Zhang, Yuling Li, Pingxing Wan, Zhongke Zhou, Wucheng Zhao, Ningning Zhang, Ning Chai, Zhixin Li, Yalan Huang, Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106267","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic film mulching (PFM) and nitrogen (N) fertilization are two important agricultural management methods that are used to enhance crop yields in semi-arid dryland agriculture. However, the impacts of PFM and N fertilization on the temperature sensitivity (Q<sub>10</sub>) of soil respiration (R<sub>t</sub>), particularly its heterotrophic (R<sub>h</sub>) and autotrophic (R<sub>a</sub>) components, remain unclear. To investigate this, a trenching experiment was carried out between 2019 and 2021 in a rainfed maize-cultivated cropland that had been under cultivation for 7 years. There were four treatments: no PFM and N fertilization (control), full PFM without N fertilization (PFM), 150 kg N ha<sup>–1</sup> fertilization without PFM (Nfer), and full PFM with 150 kg N ha<sup>–1</sup> fertilization (PFM+Nfer). PFM and N fertilization not only enhanced crop yield and root biomass but also increased soil total respiration (R<sub>t</sub>) and its components, due to improved soil hydrothermal conditions with PFM and increased N availability with N fertilization. Soil hydrothermal conditions and root biomass were identified as the most important factors influencing R<sub>h</sub> and R<sub>a</sub>, respectively. The greater increase in R<sub>a</sub> (84 %–212 %) compared to R<sub>h</sub> (9 %–29 %) resulted in a decrease in the proportion of R<sub>h</sub> in R<sub>t</sub> decreasing from 81.2 % in the control to 58 % under the PFM+Nfer treatment. The R<sub>h</sub>/R<sub>t</sub> ratio decreased in all three treatments compared to the control (<em>p</em> < 0.05). The increase in R<sub>h</sub> under PFM led to a decrease in soil organic carbon (SOC) by 17 %. Specifically, the soil labile C content (i.e. LFOC 44 %) decreased more under PFM and PFM+Nfer (<em>p</em> < 0.05) compared to control, but not under the Nfer treatment (<em>p</em> > 0.05). Plastic film mulching increased the Q<sub>10</sub> of R<sub>h</sub> (<em>p</em> < 0.05) through decrease the content of soil labile C, whereas N fertilization had no effect (<em>p</em> > 0.05). Both PFM and N fertilization increased the Q<sub>10</sub> of R<sub>a</sub> (<em>p</em> < 0.05) by increasing root biomass. The impact of R<sub>a</sub>’s Q<sub>10</sub> (0.66) on R<sub>t</sub>’s Q<sub>10</sub> is greater compared to R<sub>h</sub>’s Q<sub>10</sub> (0.31). To our knowledge, this is the first long-term field study to examine the response of R<sub>t</sub> components and their Q<sub>10</sub> to PFM and N fertilization. Our results highlight that soil labile C and root biomass are the determining factors for the Q<sub>10</sub> of R<sub>h</sub> and R<sub>a</sub>, respectively. We emphasize the importance of accurately modeling the temperature responses of R<sub>h</sub> and R<sub>a</sub> when predicting R<sub>t</sub> under climate change scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 106267"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration to elevated temperature and nitrogen availability\",\"authors\":\"Yufei Li, Kaiping Zhang, Yuling Li, Pingxing Wan, Zhongke Zhou, Wucheng Zhao, Ningning Zhang, Ning Chai, Zhixin Li, Yalan Huang, Feng Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.still.2024.106267\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Plastic film mulching (PFM) and nitrogen (N) fertilization are two important agricultural management methods that are used to enhance crop yields in semi-arid dryland agriculture. However, the impacts of PFM and N fertilization on the temperature sensitivity (Q<sub>10</sub>) of soil respiration (R<sub>t</sub>), particularly its heterotrophic (R<sub>h</sub>) and autotrophic (R<sub>a</sub>) components, remain unclear. To investigate this, a trenching experiment was carried out between 2019 and 2021 in a rainfed maize-cultivated cropland that had been under cultivation for 7 years. There were four treatments: no PFM and N fertilization (control), full PFM without N fertilization (PFM), 150 kg N ha<sup>–1</sup> fertilization without PFM (Nfer), and full PFM with 150 kg N ha<sup>–1</sup> fertilization (PFM+Nfer). PFM and N fertilization not only enhanced crop yield and root biomass but also increased soil total respiration (R<sub>t</sub>) and its components, due to improved soil hydrothermal conditions with PFM and increased N availability with N fertilization. Soil hydrothermal conditions and root biomass were identified as the most important factors influencing R<sub>h</sub> and R<sub>a</sub>, respectively. The greater increase in R<sub>a</sub> (84 %–212 %) compared to R<sub>h</sub> (9 %–29 %) resulted in a decrease in the proportion of R<sub>h</sub> in R<sub>t</sub> decreasing from 81.2 % in the control to 58 % under the PFM+Nfer treatment. The R<sub>h</sub>/R<sub>t</sub> ratio decreased in all three treatments compared to the control (<em>p</em> < 0.05). The increase in R<sub>h</sub> under PFM led to a decrease in soil organic carbon (SOC) by 17 %. Specifically, the soil labile C content (i.e. LFOC 44 %) decreased more under PFM and PFM+Nfer (<em>p</em> < 0.05) compared to control, but not under the Nfer treatment (<em>p</em> > 0.05). Plastic film mulching increased the Q<sub>10</sub> of R<sub>h</sub> (<em>p</em> < 0.05) through decrease the content of soil labile C, whereas N fertilization had no effect (<em>p</em> > 0.05). Both PFM and N fertilization increased the Q<sub>10</sub> of R<sub>a</sub> (<em>p</em> < 0.05) by increasing root biomass. The impact of R<sub>a</sub>’s Q<sub>10</sub> (0.66) on R<sub>t</sub>’s Q<sub>10</sub> is greater compared to R<sub>h</sub>’s Q<sub>10</sub> (0.31). To our knowledge, this is the first long-term field study to examine the response of R<sub>t</sub> components and their Q<sub>10</sub> to PFM and N fertilization. Our results highlight that soil labile C and root biomass are the determining factors for the Q<sub>10</sub> of R<sub>h</sub> and R<sub>a</sub>, respectively. We emphasize the importance of accurately modeling the temperature responses of R<sub>h</sub> and R<sub>a</sub> when predicting R<sub>t</sub> under climate change scenarios.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49503,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Soil & Tillage Research\",\"volume\":\"244 \",\"pages\":\"Article 106267\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Soil & Tillage Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016719872400268X\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SOIL SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Soil & Tillage Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016719872400268X","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SOIL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration to elevated temperature and nitrogen availability
Plastic film mulching (PFM) and nitrogen (N) fertilization are two important agricultural management methods that are used to enhance crop yields in semi-arid dryland agriculture. However, the impacts of PFM and N fertilization on the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil respiration (Rt), particularly its heterotrophic (Rh) and autotrophic (Ra) components, remain unclear. To investigate this, a trenching experiment was carried out between 2019 and 2021 in a rainfed maize-cultivated cropland that had been under cultivation for 7 years. There were four treatments: no PFM and N fertilization (control), full PFM without N fertilization (PFM), 150 kg N ha–1 fertilization without PFM (Nfer), and full PFM with 150 kg N ha–1 fertilization (PFM+Nfer). PFM and N fertilization not only enhanced crop yield and root biomass but also increased soil total respiration (Rt) and its components, due to improved soil hydrothermal conditions with PFM and increased N availability with N fertilization. Soil hydrothermal conditions and root biomass were identified as the most important factors influencing Rh and Ra, respectively. The greater increase in Ra (84 %–212 %) compared to Rh (9 %–29 %) resulted in a decrease in the proportion of Rh in Rt decreasing from 81.2 % in the control to 58 % under the PFM+Nfer treatment. The Rh/Rt ratio decreased in all three treatments compared to the control (p < 0.05). The increase in Rh under PFM led to a decrease in soil organic carbon (SOC) by 17 %. Specifically, the soil labile C content (i.e. LFOC 44 %) decreased more under PFM and PFM+Nfer (p < 0.05) compared to control, but not under the Nfer treatment (p > 0.05). Plastic film mulching increased the Q10 of Rh (p < 0.05) through decrease the content of soil labile C, whereas N fertilization had no effect (p > 0.05). Both PFM and N fertilization increased the Q10 of Ra (p < 0.05) by increasing root biomass. The impact of Ra’s Q10 (0.66) on Rt’s Q10 is greater compared to Rh’s Q10 (0.31). To our knowledge, this is the first long-term field study to examine the response of Rt components and their Q10 to PFM and N fertilization. Our results highlight that soil labile C and root biomass are the determining factors for the Q10 of Rh and Ra, respectively. We emphasize the importance of accurately modeling the temperature responses of Rh and Ra when predicting Rt under climate change scenarios.
期刊介绍：
Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research:
The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.
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